Some of the lowest animals propagate themselves by buds (qemmation), and many of the zoophyte systems or polypidoms extend in this manner. See GEMMATION, REPRO DUCTION, POLYPI, and ZOOPHYTES.
BU'DA (Slavonic, Bi'din; German, °fen), a city of Hungary, forming with Pesth (with which it is united by a magnificent suspension-bridge) the capital of the country, is situated on the right bank of the Danube about 130 m. s.e. of Vienna, in lat. 47° 29' IL, and long. 19° 3' east. B. has a highly picturesque appearance, being built round the Schlossberg (Castle-hill) in the form of an amphitheater, in the midst of a district cov ered with vineyards. Crowning this center hill or rock, which has an elevation of 485 ft. above the se:1, is the citadel; the palace in which are preserved the royal insignia of Hungary; and an old Gothic church. Behind, and towering above the rock, rises the strongly fortified, with a precipitous face to the Danube, the slopes of the other sides being occupied with houses. B. has many educational and charitable insti tutions; and a fine observatory crowns the Blocksberg. It has some celebrated hot sulphur springs, with a temperature of 117* 5' F., from which it derives its German
name, Ofen (Oven). Three of the baths erected by the Turks are still in a perfect state of preservation, and are much frequented by the common people. B. has some manu factures of silk, velvet, woolens, cotton, leather, and gunpowder, and cannon and type foundries; but its chief trade is in wine, of which it produces between four and five millions of gallons annually. This is known as the " °tenement," and is of excellent quality. Pop. '69, 53,998. B. is a place of great antiquity, but its importance dates from 1240, when the fortress was erected on the Schlossberg. During the inroads of the Turks, it was regarded as the key of Christendom. It was captured by Solyman the magnificent in 1526, but retaken in the following year by Ferdinand I., king of Bohemia. In 1541, it was again taken by Solyman, who Introduced into it a garrison of 12,000 janizaries; and it remained in possession of the Turks until 1686, when it was captured by the duke of Lorraine. B. and Pesth (q.v.) were in 1872 incorporated with one another, the official name being the compound Budapest.