JOURNALISM, ILLUSTRATED, that system of newspaper-making whose leading feature is the pictorial representation of events and incidents, and the illustration of scenes, objects, and places, by engravings, lithographs, or photographs. The first illus trated approaching the character of those of the present day was the Penny published in England by the society for the diffusion of useful knowledge, in 1833, and which reached a large circulation. In 1841 Punch was started, and the fol lowing year Messrs. Ingram & Cook founded the Illustrated London News, which was followed in 1843 by L'Illustration, published in Paris, and the Illustrirte Zeitung in Leipsic. The American illustrated. press began with the Illustrated American News, New York, 1851; which was followed by the Illustrated News, New York, 1853. In 1855 the Illustrated Times was started in London, and in the same year Frank Leslie founded his Illustrated Newspaper in New York, which was soon followed by a number of similar publications whose line has continued with varying fortunes ever since. Harper's Weekly began publication in 1857; Le Monde Blustre, in Paris, in the same year; La Ilus tracion Espanola y Americana, Madrid, 1856; _Illustrated News of the World, Paris, 1858; tidier Land and Meer, Stuttgart,.the same year; and from that period to 1880 illustrated journals in Copenhagen, Montreal, Birmingham, Vienna, Milan, Melbourne, and other cities in Europe and America. The first successful illustrated newspaper published in
America was the illustrated News, issued in 1853 by P. T. Barnum am) Messrs Beach Bros. The art department of this paper was in charge of Frank Leslie, who apph,;(1 many novel and ingenious devices to the saving of time and increasing the facility %yid] which the work of printing illustrations was accomplished. These included, among other it nprovements, the use of the cylinder press with inking-table attachment; and the method of bolting blocks of wood together after engraving, thus enabling the dis tribution of full-page or double-page work among a number of engravers as soon as the drawing had been put on the block. The great progress in illustrated journalism which has occurred iu the last ten years has been due to increased excellence in art work, and in the application of chromolithography. The establishment of the New York Daily Graphic and its successful publication since 1873 gave encouraging evidence of the possibility of applying the principle of illustrated journalism to the necessities of a daily newspaper. This was accomplished by means of a process in art which has been kept a secret from the general public, though the method is simply a particular form of lithography susceptible of execution more rapid than the ordinary. Illustrated journalism in America has issued chiefly from New York.