LIVERPOOL, a city of England, county of Lancashire, on the estuary of the Mersey; 202 miles N. W. of Lon don, and 31 miles W. of Manchester. It is also a county by itself for some pur poses. Among the noteworthy buildings are the Town Hall, rebuilt in 1745, occu pying one side of the square; the Ex change Buildings, Custom House, Post office, Dock Office, St. George's Hall (a magnificent structure of the Corinthian order, covering over three acres), the Free Public Library and Museum (hav ing over 100,000 volumes), Walker Art Gallery, Picton Reading and Lecture Rooms. The University College, Liver pool College, and Nautical College are the principal educational institutions. There are many charitable establish ments and hospitals. A superb new sys tem of waterworks was completed in 1893, by means of which water is con veyed from Lake Vyrnwy, in Wales. Sefton Park, of 250 acres in the S. part, is elaborately landscaped. The other principal parks are Stanley, Shiel, New sham, Edgehill, and Wavertree. The docks of Liverpool are among the great est of the world's engineering works.
They are formed for the most part by excavating the river bed, by dredging inside a sea-wall built in the river. The protecting wall is 11 feet thick, and 40 feet high from its foundations. There are nearly 40 of these inclosed docks, with a total water area of 381 acres and 35 miles of quays. A great landing stage for passengers, covering four acres, extends along the river above the docks. It is floated on boiler-plate pontoons, having hinged bridges connecting it with the sea-wall. Liverpool has lines of steamships to all important foreign ports. The construction of large merchant and war vessels is carried on extensively, and there are large engine, cable, and anchor manufactories, brass foundries, sugar refineries, breweries, glass-staining works, and numerous manufacturing in dustries. There are about 100 Anglican and 44 Roman Catholic Churches, with 170 churches of the various Protestant sects. The Church of St. Peter is the diocesan cathedral. Pop. (1918) 753,353.