Levite
Levite, The Descendants Of Levi, One Of The 12 Sons Of Jacob (gen. Xxix: 34). Moses And Aaron Were Of Levite Extrac Tion (exod. 1-10, Iv: 14), And When Th Descendants Of Aaron Were Formally Set Apart To Perpetuate The Priesthood, The Other Levites Were Designated As A Sacred Caste ...
Leyden Jar
Leyden Jar, A Glass Bottle Having Its Interior Coated With Tin Foil Or Filled With Thin Leaves Of Copper Or Of Gold Leaf. The Outside Is Also Coated With Tin Foil Up To A Certain Distance From The Neck. The Neck Has A Corkz Through Which Passes A Brass Rod ...
Li Hung Chang
Li Hung Chang, A Chinese States Man And Diplomatist; Born In Ho Fei, Province Of Anhwei, China, Feb. 16, 1823. In 1850, When The Taiping Rebels Invaded Anhwei, He Joined Tseng Kuo Fan's Army As Secretary. He Was Appointed Judge Of Chekiang Province, And In 1861 Gov Ernor Of Kiang-su. ...
Liberty
Liberty, A State Of Freedom Or Liberty, Abridged Only By The Restrictions And Regulations Established Under The Form Of Laws For The Protection And In Terests Of The Nation, Society, Or State. It Is A State Of Exemption From The Ar Bitrary Will Of Others, Secured By Estab Lished Laws, ...
Liberty Motors
Liberty Motors, The Name Applied To Types Of Internal Combustion Engines Produced Under The Direction Of The Unit - Ed States Government During The Time Of The World War. There Is A Widely Current Impression That The Liberty Motor Was Designed Dur Ing A Five Da;,7 Conference Held In Wash ...
Lick Observatory
Lick Observatory, An Astronom Ical Station; On The Summit Of Mount Hamilton, Santa Clara Co., Cal.; Erected Through The Liberality Of James Lick, The Testator Imposing In The Trust-deed The Obligation Of Erecting "a Powerful Tele Scope, Superior To And More Powerful Than Any Telescope Yet Made." In 1881 The ...
Light
Light, The Natural Agent Which, By Acting On The Retina, Excites In Us The Sensation Of Vision. Two Leading Hypo Theses Regarding Its Nature Have Been Formed: The One, The Omission Or Corpus Cular Theory, Which, Though Supported By The Great Name Of Sir Isaac Newton, Has Been Abandoned, And ...
Lighthouse
Lighthouse, A Lofty Tower Or Other Structure, Erected At The Entrance Of A Harbor, Or At Some Important Or Danger Ous Part Of A Coast, And Having A Strong Light At The Top, To Guide Vessels, And Warn Them Of Danger. Originally They Were Lighted Up With Fires, But Now ...
Lincoln Abraham
Lincoln. Abraham, An American Statesman, And 16th President Of The United States; Born In Hardin Co., Ky., Feb. 12, 1809. His Family Was Of Qua Ker And Pennsylvania Origin. In 1816 His Father Settled In What Is Now Spencer Co., Ind.; And For 10 Years The Future President Was Employed ...
Liquefaction Of Gases
Liquefaction Of Gases. It Was Formerly Believed That Certain Gases Could Not Be Liquefied Under Any Condi Tions, And From The Sixteenth To The Eighteenth Century It Was Customary To Distinguish "gases" From "vapors" By The Statement That Only The Latter Could Be Liquefied. It Is Now Known, However, That ...
Lisbon
Lisbon (portuguese, Lisboa; An Cient Olisipo), The Capital Of Portugal, Province Of Estremadura, On The Tagus, Near Its Mouth. The City Is Partly Built On The Shores Of The Tagus, And On Sev Eral Small Hills, And Presents A Magnifi Cently Picturesque Appearance From The River. The Most Beautiful Part ...
Liszt Franz
Liszt: Franz, A Hungarian Pianist And Musical Composer; Born In Raiding, Hungary, Oct. 2, 1811. His Father, Who Was Musical, Directed His Studies, And At The Age Of Nine He Was Performing In Public. Several Hungarian Noblemen Provided Means To Send Him To Vienna, Where He Studied The Pianoforte And ...
Literary Property
Literary Property, Property In Intellectual Productions Expressed In A Iterary Form. In United States Law It Is Defined As The Sole Liberty Of Printing, Reprinting, Publishing, And Vending The Same. Though There Is Evidence That Ainong The Greeks And The Romans Authors Earned Financial Profit Through Their Books, And Though ...
Lithuania
Lithuania, Formerly One Of The Provinces Of The Russian Empire, Since The World War An Independent State. Lithuania Includes Three Groups Of Ter Ritory: Lithuania Proper, Or Litivia, Which Formed The Governments Of Vilna And Troki; The Duchy Of Samogitia; And Russian Lithuania, Comprising Polesie, Black Russia, Or Novogrodek, White ...
Liverpool
Liverpool, A City Of England, County Of Lancashire, On The Estuary Of The Mersey; 202 Miles N. W. Of Lon Don, And 31 Miles W. Of Manchester. It Is Also A County By Itself For Some Pur Poses. Among The Noteworthy Buildings Are The Town Hall, Rebuilt In 1745, Occu ...
Logic
Logic, As Known In The Present Day, Is A Development And Modification Of The Technj Dialektike = Art Of Reasoning, Which Aristotle, Utilizing The Labors Of His Predecessors, And Notably Those Of Zeno Of Elea, Molded Into Something Like Consistent Shape. The First Development Of Aristotelian Logic Was By The ...
Lollard
Lollard, A Name Given To A Re Ligious Association Which Arose At Ant Werp About The Beginning Of The 14th Century. By Some, Walter Lollard, Who Was Burnt Alive At Cologne In 1322, Is Said To Have Been The Founder, But It Seems To Have Existed Before His Time. The ...
Lombards
Lombards, A People Of Germanic Descent, Who Were Called By The Latin Writers Longobardi Or, More Correctly, Langobardi, A Name Which Is Differently Derived By Different Authorities. The People So Designated First Appear In His Tory As Settled About The Lower Elbe, In Hanover And Western Prussia, At The Dawn ...
Lombardy
Lombardy, That Part Of Upper Italy Which Lies Between The Alps And The Po, Having The Territory Of Venice On The E., And Piedmont On The W. Its History Begins With The Conquest By The Romans In 222, Who Called It Gallia Cisalpina. After The Break-up Of The Roman Empire ...
Louis Kossuth
Kossuth, Louis, The Leader Of The Hungarian Revolution; Born In Monok In Hungary In 1802. His Family Was Of Noble Rank, But His Parents Were Poor. He Studied Law At The Protestant Col Lege Of Sarospatak, And Practiced For A Time. In 1832 He Commenced His Politi Cal Career At ...
Marie Jean Paul Roch
Lafayette, Marie Jean Paul Roch Yves Gilbert Mo Tier, Marquis De, A Famous French Military Officer And Statesman; Born In The Castle Of Chavagnac, Auvergne, France, Sept. 6, 1757. He Belonged To An Ancient Family; Came To His Estates At 13; Married Three Years Later; Entered The Army, And Sailed, ...
Marshal Joseph Jacques Cesaire
Joffre, Marshal Joseph Jacques Cesaire, A French Marshal. He Was Born Ot Rivesaltes, Pyrenees, In 1852, And Was Educated At The College Of Perpignan, And The Ecole Polytechnic. In 1870 During The Franco-prussian War He Entered The Army As 2nd Lieu Tenant, Becoming Lieutenant In 1872, Cap Tain In 1876, ...
Naval Battle Of Jutland
Jutland Bank, Naval Battle Of, A Naval Engagement Of The First Magnitude, Fought Between The German And British Fleets During The European War, On May 31, 1916. For Months Previous To This Date The British Fleet Had Been Making A Prac Tice Of Occasionally Sweeping The North Sea With All ...
Nirolai Lenine
Lenine, Nirolai, A Leader Of The Bolshevik Government In Russia. His Name Is Vladimir Ilyitch Uulyanoff And He Was Born Of Noble Parentage At Sim Birsk On The Volga In 1870. Taking To Economics Very Early In Life He Became A Convert To Marx Doctrines And Accepted The Dictum Of ...
Paitl Von Ben Eckendorf
Hindenburg, Paitl Von Ben Eckendorf 'und Von, A German Field Marshal And Chief Of The German General Staff From 1916 To 1919. Born In 1847, He First Won Distinction In The Austro-prussian War Of 1866 And The Franco-prussian War Of 1870. Later He Rose To The Rank Of General And ...
Prince Hirobumi Ito
Ito, Prince Hirobumi, Japanese Statesman; Born In The Province Of Chosu, 1841; Assassinated At Harbin, Itilanchuria, Oct. 26, 1909, By A Korean. The Son Of A Samurai (warrior) Of Low Rank, He Was Orphaned At An Early Age And Was Adopted By Relatives. As A Boy, With Four Companions, He ...
Public Lands
Lands, Public, Lands Which The Government Owns And Disposes Of By Sale Or Otherwise To States And Individuals. These Lands Have Been Acquired Largely By Cession From Other Nations. The Yielding To Congress By The Various States Of The Rights To Western Territory Was An Important Influence In The For ...
Richard Henry Lee
Lee, Richard Henry, An Amer Ican Statesman; Born In Stratford, West Moreland Co., Va., Jan. 20, 1732. He Re Ceived Part Of His Education In England, And After His Return To His Native Coun Try Was Chosen A Delegate To The House Of Burgesses From Westmoreland County. In The Opposition ...
Sir Edwin Landseer
Landseer, Sir Edwin, An Eng Lish Painter; Born In London, England, March 7, 1802. He Began To Draw Ani Mals When A Mere Child; At 13 He Ex Hibited At The Academy, And The Year Following Became A Student. Hencefor Ward He Exhibited Regularly At The Acad Emy And The ...
Sir William Herschel
Herschel, Sir William, An English Astronomer; Born In Hanover, Prussia, Nov. 15, 1738. The Son Of A Musician, He Went To England In 1757, And Was Employed In The Formation Of A Military Band. He Had For Some Time Devoted His Leisure Hours To The Study Of Mathematics And Astronomy; ...
St Januarius
Januarius, St., Or San Gen Naro, A Martyr Of The Christian Faith Under Diocletian. Bishop Of Benevento In The 3rd Century. According To The Neapolitan Tradition, He Was Taken Pri Soner At Nola; And The Place Of His Mar Tyrdom, In 305, Was Pozzuoli. His Body Is Preserved At Naples, ...
Thomas Henry Huxley
Huxley, Thomas Henry, An English Biologist And Essayist; Born In Ealing, England, Delay 4, 1825. He Was Graduated At London University In 1845. In 1846-1850 He Sailed Around The World As A Naval Surgeon. In 1851 He Was Made A Fellow Of The Royal Society; Professor Of Natural History In ...
Thomas Jefferson
Jefferson, Thomas, An American Statesman, 3d President Of The United States; Born In Shadwell, Va., April 2, 1743. He Received A Liberal Education For That Time, Graduating At William And Mary College In 1764. He Was Admitted To The Bar In 1767. In 1769 He Was Sent To The Virginia ...
Thomas Jonathan Jackson
Jackson, Thomas Jonathan, An American Military Officer; Born In Clarksburg, Va., Jan. 21, 1824; Was Grad Uated At The United States Military Academy In 1846; Served Through The Mexican War, Winning Promotions More Rapidly Than Any Other Officer Of His Grade During That War. When The Civil War Began, He ...
Thomas Kyd
Kyd, Thomas. An English Drama Tist; Flourished In The 16th Century. He Was One Of The Most Popular English Writers Of Tragedies Before Shakespeare, And Helped Prepare The Way For Him. His Two Most Successful Plays Were "the Spanish Tragedy, Or Hieronimo," And "oratio." They Were Very Popular And Were ...
Vicomte Victor Marie Hugo
Hugo, Vicomte Victor Marie (ii-go), A Distinguished French Poet, Politician, And Man Of Letters; Born In Besancon, France, Feb. 26, 1802. His Father Was A Colonel In The French Army. He Received A Classical Education In A Re Ligious House, And, In 1822, Brou,ght Out The First Volume Of His ...
Washington Irvlng
Irvlng, Washington, One Of The Greatest American Authors Of The Nine Teenth Century, Born In New York In 1783. Most Of His Early Education Was Gained By Tramping Through The Beauti Ful Westchester Region And The Hudson Highlands, By Lounging On The Docks To Watch The Arrival And Departure Of ...
Or Belgian Kongo Kongo
Kongo Or Congo Free State, Or Belgian Kongo, A Territory In Africa Which, Recognized By The Euro Pean Powers Assembled At The Confer Ence At Berlin In 1885, Has The Following Boundaries: The N. Bank From The Mouth, With A Strip Of Territory Averag Ing About 60 Miles In Width, ...
Or Carnivor Ous Plants
Insectivorotjs, Or Carnivor Ous Plants, Plants Which Deviate From The Usual Plant Method Of Obtain Ing Nutriment From The Soil And The Air, And Feed Or Subsist On Insects Or Other Small Animals, Which They Capture By Ingenious Contrivances. In These Re Spects They Make An Approach To The Animal ...
Or Hyena Hyaena
Hyaena, Or Hyena, A Genus Of Digitigrade Carnivorous Quadrupeds, In Cluded In The Genus Canis By Linnmus, But Now Referred To The Yeluroid Divi Sion Of The Carnivora, Of Which, However, It Is A Somewhat Aberrant Member, Form Ing With Proteles A Sub-family, Hym Nina. Hyenas Have Six Incisors And ...
Or Jeanne Darc Joan
Joan Of Arc, Or Jeanne D'arc, The Maid Of Orleans; Born Of Poor But Devout Parents, In The Village Of Dom Remy, Jan. 6, 1412. Her Religious Faith Was Ardent Almost From Her Cradle. During The Unhappy Time Of National Degradation A Prophecy, Ascribed To Mer Lin, Was Current In ...
Or Keppler Kepler
Kepler, Or Keppler, Johann, A German Astronomer; Born In Weil Der Stadt, Wiirttemberg, Dec. 27, 1571. He Was Left To His Own Resources When A Mere Child, His Education Depending On His Admission Into The Convent Of Maul Bronn. He Afterward Studied At The Uni Versity Of Tiibingen, Applying Himself ...
Or Lanthorn Lantern
Lantern, Or Lanthorn Turn), A Common Contrivance Used For Carrying A Lamp Or Candle In. Consisting Of A Case Or Vessel Made Of Tin, With Sashes Of Some Transparent Substance, Such As Horn Or Glass. Lanterns Are First Spoken Of By Theopompus, A Greek Comic Poet, And Empedocles Of Agrigen ...
The Interstate Commerce Law
Interstate Commerce Law, The. See Interstate Commerce Com Mission: Railways. The Law Creating The Commission, Passed By Congress In 1887, And Based On The Above Clause, Was The Result Of A Demand Voiced By The Farmers Of The Middle West, Between Whom And The Railroad Companies Considerable Friction Over Freight ...
The Klondike
Klondike, The, A River Which En Ters The Yukon, The Principal River Of The Northwest Territory, Canada, 45 Miles Below The Mouth Of Sixty Mile, And 15 Miles Above Old Fort Reliance. The Word Is Now Applied To The Region Sur Rounding The Klondike River And Its Trib Utaries. As ...
The Kremlin
Kremlin, The, An Architectural Pile In Moscow, On The N. Bank Of The River Moskva. It Forms The Center Of The City Of Moscow, And Around It, With A Radius Of About A Mile, Is A Line Of Boule Vards, Extending, However, Only On The N. Side Of The River. ...