MACKEREL, Scomber scomber (Linn.), S. scombrus (Cuv.), the common Euro pean mackerel. Snout pointing, under jaw projecting, gill covers large and smooth, pectoral and ventral fins in ad vance of the dorsal; five finlets above and below the tail, vertically over each other; tail crescent shaped. Above the lateral line the color is a fine green, varied with rich blue, and marked with broad, dark, descending lines, straight in the males, undulating in the females; under parts silvery with golden tints. The home of the common mackerel may be broadly described as the North At lantic Ocean, south to Spain in Europe, and Cape Hatteras in America; it is common in the North Sea, and all round the British and Irish coasts. It is an extremely valuable food fish, and the mackerel fishery is only second in impor tance to the herring and cod fisheries.
McKIM, RANDOLPH HARRISON, clergyman and writer; born in 1842 in Baltimore, graduated from the Uni versity of Virginia in 1861. He served with the Confederates in the Civil War, becoming deacon in 1864 and priest in 1866. He was assistant at Emmanuel Church, Baltimore, and later rector of Christ Church, Alexandria, Va. (1867 1875), Holy Trinity Church, Harlem, New York City (1875-1886). In 1889 he became rector of Epiphany Church, Washington. His works include: "Vin dication of Protestant Principles" (1879), "Future Punishment" (1883), "Present Day Problems of Christian Thought" (1900), "Catholic Principles and the Change of Name" (1913), "The Soul of Lee" (1918). He died in 1920.
McKINLEY, MOUNT, highest peak in North America, situated in central Alaska, about 150 miles N. of Cook Inlet. It is estimated to be about 20,500 feet in height. Its summit was first reached in 1912 by Belmore Browne and Prof. Her schel] C. Parker.
McKINLEY, WILLIAM, an Ameri can statesman, 24th President of the United States; born in Niles, 0., Jan. 29, 1843. He was educated at the pub lic schools, and at the Poland, 0., Acad emy. In May, 1861, he volunteered for the army, and entered the 23d Ohio Infantry as a private. He served four years, rising by merit and faithfulness to the captaincy of his company, and to the rank of major, when mustered out in 1865. He at once began the study of law; in 1867 was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice at Canton, 0.,
where he afterward had his residence. In 1869 he was elected prosecuting at torney for Stark county, where his suc cess attracted local attention. Entering politics, he was elected to Congress in 1876, and was re-elected for six succes sive terms. In 1882 his election was con tested, and he was unseated, but tri umphantly returned at the next election. His reputation in Congress rests chiefly on a tariff bill that bears his name. It was drawn by him as chairman of the Ways and Means Committee, and passed by the 51st Congress. This bill and his able advocacy of it before the House dis tinguished him as the leader of the Re publican party on the tariff question. McKinley failed of re-election in his dis trict in 1890, though largely reducing the adverse plurality created by a re districting that changed the limits of the district.
In 1891 he was elected governor of Ohio by a large plurality, and re elected in 1893. By this time his name was frequently mentioned as a future candidate for the presidency. In 1895 a systematic canvass in McKinley's be half was instituted by his supporters which was continued till the election of 1896. He was nominated on a platform which stood firmly against free silver, then the chief political issue. He was elected by a plurality of 603,514, and an electoral majority of 95.
President McKinley's first term is memorable chiefly for the occurrence of the Spanish-American War and its un expected results (see CuaA) . That his policy during 1896-1900 was acceptable was shown by his unanimous renomina tion and re-election in 1900 by a plural ity of 849,000, and an electoral majority of 137. On Sept. 5, 1901, he visited the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, N. Y., that day having been set apart in his honor and called the "President's Day." On the afternoon of the follow ing day, while holding a public reception in the Temple of Music, he was shot twice by Leon F. Czolgosz, an anarchist. Hopes of his recovery were entertained for several days, but on Sept. 13 he be gan to sink rapidly and died at 2.15 A. m., Sept. 14. His remains were removed to Washington on Sept. 16, laid in state in the Capitol on the 17th, and taken to his home city, Canton, O.