TOLEDO, a city of Ohio, the county seat of Lucas co. It is on the Maumee river, on both sides. The river is crossed by many bridges. Toledo is the third railroad center in America, and is the terminus of many important railway lines, including the Pennsylvania, the Hocking Valley, the Clover Leaf, the Pere Marquette, and the Grand Trunk. There are in all 17 railroads, operating 22 divisions. In addition there are 10 interurban lines. A belt line, 22 miles long, connects all railroads. The city is the most important shipping point of cargo coal on the Great Lakes, situated as it is at the west end of Lake Erie and at the foot of the upper chain of the Great Lakes. It is also the natural receiving point for the iron traffic from the Lake Superior region and of grain and lumber from the northwest. The city has an area of 31.51 square miles, and is most attractively laid out. It has about 250 miles of streets, of which about 200 are paved. There are 8 parks, well distributed, comprising a total of 1,533 acres, and including municipal golf courses and wading and swimming pools. Among the important public buildings are the Jessup W. Scott High School, the Morrison R. Waite High School, St. Patrick's Cathedral, a court house, post office, Newsboys' Building, Toledo Club, and the Chapel State Hospital for the Insane. The Museum of Art is one of the most beautiful buildings devoted to art in the United States. The school system is unusually effective. It includes
open air schools, and other modern de velopments in educational lines. Over 45,000 pupils are enrolled in the public schools and nearly $2,000,000 are spent annually for educational purposes. Its two high schools rank among the finest educational institutions in the United States. In addition there are many pa rochial and private schools. There are over 140 churches. The industries of the city are diversified, and include the manufacture of automobiles, automobile parts and accessories, plate glass, cut glass, machinery, refined oil, sugar, ele vators, women's clothing, children's vehi cles, etc. There were in 1920 four na tional and fourteen State banks, with deposits of $82,632,236 and a surplus of $7,047,279. There were also ten build ing loan associations with deposits ag gregating $8,800,546. Many conventions and annual meetings are held in the city. The Terminal Auditorium has a seating capacity of over 5,000. The Farmers' Exposition alone brings 150,000 people to the city each year.
Toledo is the outgrowth of two town ships, Port Lawrence, settled in 1817, and Vistula, settled in 1832. It was a famous battle ground in Indian wars. The village was incorporated in 1836 and with the opening of the Wabash and Erie Canal in 1843 and the Miami and Erie Canal in 1845 it grew rapidly. Pop.
(1900), 131,822; (1910), 168,497; (1920), 243,164.