TRIBUNE, in Roman antiquities, properly the chief-magistrate of a tribe. There were several kinds of officers in the Roman state that bore the title. (1) The plebeian tribunes, who were first created after the secession of the com monalty to the Mons Sacer (A. U. C. 260), as one of the conditions of its return to the city. They were especially the mag istrates and protectors of the common alty, and no patrician could be elected to the office. At their first appointment the power of the tribunes was very small, being confined to the assembling of the plebeians and the protection of any in dividual from patrician aggression; but their persons were sacred and inviolable, and this privilege consolidated their other powers, which, in the later ages of the republic, grew to an enormous height, and were finally incorporated with the functions of the other chief magistracies in the person of the emperor. The num ber of the tribunes varied from 2 to 10, and each of these might annul the pro ceedings of the rest by putting in his veto. (2) Military tribunes were first
elected in the year A. U. C. 310, in the place of the consuls, in consequence of the demands of the commonalty to be ad mitted to a share of the supreme power. The number of the military tribunes was sometimes six and sometimes three. For above 70 years sometimes consuls were elected and sometimes military tribunes; at last the old order was permanently restored, but the plebeians were admitted to a share of it. (3) Legionary tribunes, or tribunes of the soldiers, were the chief officers of a legion, six in number, who commanded under the consul, each in his turn, usually about a month; in battle each led a cohort Also, a bench or ele vated place; a raised seat or stand.
Specifically, the throne of a bishop, and a sort of pulpit or rostrum where a speaker stands to address an audience.