As another example of the general structure of the male generative organs in Pachyderniatous animals, we select those of the Boar. In this creature the glans penis is very long and nearly cylindrical except at the extremity, where it becomes of a prismatic shape ending in a point, which is suddenly bent upon itself. The body of the penis consists of only a single. cavernous body, and just above the testes at about four inches from the insertion of the prepuce pre sents a very singular arrangement, being bent twice upon itself at intervals of about an inch, so as to form at this place a close sigmoid curve; it is flattened for the greater part of its length, but becomes rounded and thinner in the neighbourhood of the glans. The testicles are very large, and the epididymis of each upwards of an inch in length. The vesiculm seminales are very extensive, occupying. their usual position near tbe termination of the vasa deferentia. The prostates reach from the vesi culw seminales as far as the ejaculator muscles, lying on each side of the urethra. Each pros tate, moreover, is covered externally by a layer of muscular fibre, which is one or two lines in thickness.
In the American Tapir, according to Pro fessor Owen, the testes are elongated glands four inches in length, situated externally in a slightly indicated scrotum at the distance of six inches from the anus. The cremaster is remark ably powerful, being composed of a strong fasciculus of fibres continued from the lower margin of the internal oblique muscle, of up wards of one inch in breadth. The tunica vaginalis has, as usual, a free communication with the cavity of the abdomen. The penis, which is of great length, is not furnished with levator muscles, but is supported by a quantity of elastic cellular membrane, which extends from the abdominal muscles along the dorswn penis.
Generative organs (female). —These present the arrangement usually met with in quadrupeds furnished with a cornuted uterus, the relative size of the uterine apparatus varying in propor tion to the fecundity of each genus.
The only description of the female generative organs of the Elephant with which we are ac quainted is the following, given by M. Perrault of the parts of one dissected by him in the menagerie of Versailles, many points of which are sufficiently remarkable. That anatoinist describes the vulva as being placed almost in the middle of the belly, at a distance of more than two feet from the place where it is usually situated in other animals. The clitoris extended all along this space beneath the vagina and was two inches in diameter, so that, although covered by the skin of the abdomen, it was so apparent as to have been always mistaken for a penis, and the animal was in fact considered to be a male until dis section revealed the mistake.
The vagina extended backward from the vulva to the pubis in a contrary direction to that which it takes in other animals, and at the pubis it formed an angle about the middle of its length, so that the second half ran forward in the usual manner: its lining membrane was very smooth. The edges of the orifice of the womb extended into the vagina for the length of two inches, the neck of the uterus being, as it were, closed by two sigmoid valves, so dis posed, according to Mons. Perrault, to prevent the urine from entering the womb, because the urethra opens into the vagina so near the os tincte that the urine flows more readily towards the womb than towards the vulva, the angular bend in the vagina forming an obstacle to its passage in the latter direction.
The body of the uterus was oval, and mea sured a foot and a half in length by ten inches in breadth. The comua uteri were each two feet eight inches in length, and four inches and a half in circumference: their openings into the womb were surrounded by a prolongation of their lining membrane, hanging into the uterus like a fringe or valve, so that any thing which had passed from the comua into the uterus could not return again from the uterus into the cornua, which latter were united to each other for about a foot from the body of the uterus. The Fallopian tubes were only two inches in length, and the ovaria of very small size.
In the Scrw the vulva occupies its usual situation between the pubic symphysis and the anus. The glans clitoridis is bent upon itself and terminates in a point resembling the penis of the Boar in miniature. The walls of the vagina are much plicated for an extent of two or three inches from the orifice of the womb, and in this part its canal is considerably wider than near the entrance of the vulva. The os tineet is only indicated by a slightly elevated rnargin. The cornua uteri are of great length, being convoluted much after the manner of the small intestines. The fimbriated extremities of the Fallopian tubes are only connected at one point with the ovaria, the rest being loose and floating. The ov ries in the common Sow are of very irregular contour, the Graafian vesicles (as big as peas) standing prominently out from their surface.
In the Elephant the raammw are pectoral and only two in number, one situated on each side of the breast.