III. MONEY IN N. T.-1. Greek following Greek coins are mentioned in the N. T., a'idrache (s. v.), drachm (s. v), W. MITE and FARTHING). and stater ts. v.) This last was the piece of money found by St. Peter in the fish to pay the tribute-money. It has been proved to have been a tetradrachm [DIDRACHM]. The word KA in Matt. /mi. 12, Mark xi. 15, and John ii. /5, is derived from K6XXvi3os, which was a small coin (Cic. In Vern Act. ii., lib. iii. 78 ; Aristoph. Pax. 1199, etc.) The word adX4Pos also signifies the changing of money' (Pollux, Onom., lib. iii.9).
2. Roman Money.—The Roman copper money mentioned in the N. T. are the dupondius (Vulg. Luke xii. 6), the as (Vulg. Matt. x. 29) employed respectively as the Latin equivalents of Ho ctacrcipta and cipzov), and the quadrans (Ko8pdvrns, Matt. v. 26 ; Mark xii. 42) [FARTHING]. In the article FARTHING we stated that it was probably a Greek imperial coin ; specimens of it are most likely the coins of Augustus and Tiberius struck at Antioch, in Syria, with S.0 on the reverse in a wreath. One of them has already been published with the countermark FAA (Mionnet, Suppi., voL viii., p. 139), proving that these coins were current in Gadara of Decapolis. They weigh from 302 to 242 grains, and equal the Roman as of copper (Hist. of Yew. Coin., p. 302).
The only silver coin mentioned in the N. T. is the denarius (3vvzipeop, A. V. penny, Matt. xviii. 28, etc.) [DENARius].
All three metals are mentioned together by St Matthew (x. 9), though in the parallel passage in St. Mark (vi. 8) only copper money is alluded to (see also Mark xii. 41). Copper would be the most prevalent metal current, as we have seen in the coinage of the Herodian family, which was all copper. The silver was most likely the tetradrachms of the chief cities of Syria and Phoenicia. The word dity6ptoo is also employed for money' (Luke ix. 3). [DRACHM ; PIECE OF SILVER.] No gold coin is mentioned in the N. T.
The chief works on Jewish coins are :—Perez Bayer, De Monis Ilebrzeo-Samaritanh, 1781; Numorum Hebrceo-Samaritanorum Vfndiew, I790; Celestino Cavedoni, Numismatica Biblica, 185o, and Appendix to the same, r855 ; both translated into German, with large additions by A. von Werl hof, under the title of Riblische Numismatik, vol. i., 1855 ; vol. ii. 1856 ; F. de Smiley, Numisma ague ,1-udaIque, 1854 ; M. A. Levy, yadische .11flinzen, 1862; F. W. Madden, History of yezvish Coinage, and of Money in the O. and N. T., 1864. —F. W. M.