PRINCE. I. (from `n:, to be in front, to precede), one who has the precedence, a leader, or chief; used of persons set over any undertaking, superintending any trust, or invested with supreme power (I Kings xiv. 7 ; Ps. lxxvi. 13 ; 1 Chron. xxvi. 24 [A. V. 'ruler] ; I Sam. ix. 16 [A. V. captain% etc.) In Dan. ix. 25, it is applied to the Messiah ; and in xi. 22, to Ptolemy Philo metor, King of Egypt.
2. 1'13 (from 273, which in Hithp. signifies to • volunteer, to offer voluntarily or spontaneously), generous, noble-minded, noble by birth (I Sam. ii.
8 ; Ps. xlvii. it); cvii. 4o ; cxiii. 8 ; cxviii. 9 ; Prov. xxv. 7, etc.) This word is the converse of the preceding ; means primarily a chief, and derivatively what is morally noble, excellent (Prov. viii. 6); means primarily what is morally noble, and derivatively one who is noble by birth or position.
3. Kt): (from to lift up, Niph. to be elevated), one exalted; used as a general term for princes, including kings (1 Kings xi. 24; Ezek. xii. ro, etc.), heads of tribes or families (Num. i. 44 ; iii. 24 [A. V. chief] ; vii. 10 ; xxxiv. 18 ; Gen. xvii. 20; I Chron. vii. 4o, etc.) In Gen. xxiii. 6, Ab raham is addressed by the sons of Heth as N'tn ?%;16,,t (Nast Elohint), a prince of God, i. e., stituted, and consequently protected by God [A.
V. 'mighty prince'].
4. "lt:) (from to rule, to have dominion), the chief of any class, the master of a company, a prince or noble; used of Pharaoh's chief butler and baker (Gen. xl. 2, ff.); of the taskmasters set over
the Israelites in Egypt (Exod. i. 11); even of chief herdsmen (Gen. xlvii. 6). It is frequently used for military commanders (Exod. xviii. 21 [A. V rulers]; 2 Kings i. 9 [A. V. captain] ; Is. iii. 3, etc.), and for princes both supreme and sub ordinate (i Sam. xxix. 3 ; Job xxix. r, 9 ; Is. xlix. 7 ; Jer. li. 59, etc.) In Dan. viii. 11, God is called XCVil (Sar hatstsaba), Prince of the host ; and in ver. 25 the title (Sar Saran), Prince of princes, is applied to the Messiah. The princes of the provinces' (rnarion ntv, Sarci Ilammedinoth, z Kings xx. 14) were probably the district magistrates who had taken refuge in Sa maria, and by whose attendants victory was to be won.
3. tO:Einvirit4. [ACHASDARPANIM.] 6. 'Apxwa in the LXX. appears as the rendering of all the Hebrew words above cited, and in the N. T. it is used of earthly princes (Matt. xx. 25 ; Cor. ii. 6), of Jesus Christ (Rev. i. 5), and of Satan (Matt. ix. 34 ; xii. 24 ; Mark iii. 22 ; John xii. 31 ; xiv. 30 ; xvi. I I ; Eph. ii. 2).
7. 'Aprrybs in Theodotion is the rendering of tre)) (Num. xiii. 3 ; xvi. 2) ; in the.LXX. is the rendering of (Judg. v. 15 ; Nch. ii. 9; Is. xxx. 4) ; and in the N. T., where it is applied only to our Lord (Acts iii. 15 ; v. 31 ; Heb. to [A. V. `captain']; xii. 2 [A. V. author].
8. 11-yeAdo is used Matt. ii. 6 in a general sense for a chief or ruler. —W. L. A.