Poison
Poison. There Is No Reference Either In The 0. Or N. T. To The Use Of Poison For Taking Away Life. The Word Occurs Only Once In The N. T. (james Iii. 8), And But Seldom In The 0. T., And Always In Poetical Passages, And In A Metaphorical Sense. ...
Political Geography
Political Geography. — Syria Has Passed Through Many Changes. Its Ancient Divisions Were Numerous, And Constantly Varying. The Provinces Of The Biblical Aram Have Already Been Noticed. [aram.] Phcenicia Was Generally Regarded As A Distinct Principality [pliceructa], And The Warlike Tribes Of Lebanon Appear To Have Remained Almost In A ...
Polyglott
Polyglott. Although The Earliest Speci Men Of A Polyglott Was That Of A Projected Work Of The Celebrated Printer Aldus Manutius, Of Which One Page Only Was Published, The First Of This Kind Was The Complutensian Polyglot?, Entitled Biblia Sacra Polyglotta, Num- Prinizazz Inzpressa, Etc., Comprised In 6 Vols. Fol. ...
Pontius Pilate
Pilate, Pontius, Was The Sixth Roman Pro Curator Of (matt. Xxvii. 2 ; Mark Xv. I ; Luke Iii. 1 ; John Xviii. Xix.), Under Whom Our Lord Taught, Suffered, And Died (acts Iii. 53 ; Iv. 27 ; Xiii. 28 ; 1 Tim. Vi. 13 ; Tacit. Annal. Xv. ...
Pontus
Pontus (ii6vros), The North-eastern Province Of Asia Minor, Which Took Its Name From The Sea [pontus Euxinus] That Formed Its Northern Fron Tier. On The East It Was Bounded By Colchis, On The South By Cappadocia And Part Of Armenia, And On The West By Paphlagonia And Galatia. Ptolemy (geog. ...
Pool
Pool In The A. V. Is The Rendering Of Three Hebrew Words. 1. 0),..; (is. Xiv. 23 ; Xxxv. 7 ; Xli. 18 ; Xlii. T T 15). See Pond. 2. Probably From To Bend The -., Knee,' An Artificial Tank Or Cistern At Which Camels Kneel To Drink • ...
Portuensis Hippolytus
Hippolytus, Portuensis, A Bishop Of Por. Tus During The Early Part Of The 3d Century. The Facts Of His Life Are Few And Uncertain, And We Shall Mainly Confine Ourselves To Giving The Results Which Rnay Now Be Considered As Generally Accepted. Eusebius (h. E., Vi. 20) Mentions Hippolytus As ...
Potipherah
Potipherah, Which See ; Sept. Iferems), An Officer Of Pharaoh, Probably The Chief Of His Body-guard (gen. Xxxix. A). Of The Midianitish Merchants He Purchased Joseph, Whose Treatment By Him Is Described Under That Head. The Keeper Of The Prison Into Which The Son Of Jacob Was Eventually Cast Treated ...
Potter
Potter. The Potter, And The Produce Of His Labours, Are Often Alluded To In The Scriptures. The Fragility Of His Wares, And The Ease With Which They Are Destroyed, Supply Apt Emblems Of The Facility With Which Human Life And Power May Be Broken And Destroyed. It Is In This ...
Prayer
Prayer (rizlin, From Pri, To Incline To One; • : Hithp. To Pray, To Supplicate; R*, From To Bow Down ; Piel And Hithp., To Pray ; Lxx. Usually Sirlocr, But Frequently Rpocrevx4)• 1. The Hebrew Idea Of Prayer Was That Of An Invocation Of God For Help Or Blessing. ...
Priest 578 Priest
Priest 578 Priest L Law With Them'), And That There Was Then No Religious Instruction In Synagogues (campegius Vitringa, Synag. Vet., Pt. Ii. Lib. I. C. 9). Al Though The Priests, By The Ceremonies They Per Formed, No Doubt Incidentally Revived Religious Principles In The Minds Of The People, Yet ...
Priest Primogeniture
Priest Primogeniture Becomes Clear.' Then Follows A List Of All Those Chief Of The Priests Who Officiated In The Lifetime Of Jehoiakim, Son Of Joshua, Either As Assistants Or Successors Of Their Fathers (ver. 12). Again, How Ever, The Negligence And Wickedness Of The Restored Priests Are Complained Of By ...
Prince 580 Proconsul
Prince 580 Proconsul Greeks, Wished To Attach A Signification To A-pur& Roxos In Matt. I. And Luke Ii., Different From The O. T. Usage, Maintaining, In Order To Support Their Hypothesis—(viz., That Joseph And Mary Had Chil Dren After The Birth Of Our Lord)—that The Word Rpuirbrokos, By Reason Of ...
Prince I
Prince. I. (from `n:, To Be In Front, To Precede), One Who Has The Precedence, A Leader, Or Chief; Used Of Persons Set Over Any Undertaking, Superintending Any Trust, Or Invested With Supreme Power (i Kings Xiv. 7 ; Ps. Lxxvi. 13 ; 1 Chron. Xxvi. 24 [a. V. 'ruler] ...
Procurator
Procurator. This Word Does Not Occur In The Vulgate Or In The A. V., Nor Is Its Accurate Greek Equivalent, (though Used By Philo, Leg. Ad Caium, And By Josephus, Antig. Xx. 6. 2, Etc.), Found In This Sense In The Greek Testament, Where It Is Represented By The Vaguer ...
Procurator 582 Property
.procurator 582 Property Ii. Q; Cic. In Verrem, Passim, Etc. Etc.); And They Weighed So Heavily On The Mind Of The Emperor Trajan, That He Called The Extortions Of Provincial Governors 'the Spleen Of The Empire' (lien Imperil).* The Presence Of The Wives Of Pilate (matt. Xxvii. 19) And Felix ...
Procurator 5s1 Procurator
Procurator 5s1 Procurator Justice, Either Privately In Their Palaces, Where They Received Petitions, Heard Complaints, And Granted Writs Under Their Seals ; Or Publicly In The Common Hall, With The Formalities Generally Observed In The Courts At Rome. These Duties Were, However, More Frequently Delegated To Their Assessors, Or Other ...
Proper Names
Names, Proper, Chiefly Of The 0. T. It Is So Interesting, As Well As Useful, To Know The Original Signification Of Proper Names, That A Care Ful Investigation Of Their Nature Has Many Advan. Tages. The Chief Use, However, Which Accrues From An Accurate Knowledge Of Them Is, That We ...
Prophecy
Prophecy. The Principal Considerations Involved In This Important Subject May Be Ar Ranged Under The Following Heads :— I. The Nature Of Prophecy, Tend Its Position In The Economy Of The 0. T.—the View Commonly Taken Of The Prophets Is, That They Were Mere Predictors Of Future Events ; But ...
Proselyte
Proselyte (rpool7xtrros), The Name Applied In The N. T. And The Sept. To Converts From Heathenism To Judaism (srpocrottros. Of Es 7rpotex7fxi106res Eel Kara, Rubs 9eiovc 7rontreancero1 P6p.ous, Suidas, Iu Voc.) The Hebrew Word For Which The Lxx. Use This Is 14, Stranger, Advewa. Of These 1]p13 There Were Always ...
Proseucha
Proseucha A Word Signifying Prayer,' And Always So Translated In The A. V. It Is, However, Applied, Per Melon., To A Place Of Prayer,—a Place Where Assemblies For Prayer Were Held, Whether A Building Or Not. In This Sense It Seems Also To Be Mentioned In Luke Vi. 12, Where ...
Proverbs
Proverbs, Boox Of. In The Pentateuch, The Book Of Proverbs Takes Its He Brew Title From Its Opening Words-713v Or +? Vi? Simply. From This Are Directly Derived The Titles It Bears In The Lxx. (rapovilat Zaxoh Wvros) And Vulgate (` Liber Proverbiorum Quam Hebrmi Misle' Appellant'), And The Name ...
Province
Province (vi N ; N. T. Grapxfa, And Lx X. ; Vulg. Provincia). T I. This Word, Which Occurs Most Frequently In The Book Of Esther, Is Derived From Judgment, And Is Generally Applied To The Persian Satrapies (esther I. R, Et Passim). The Returning Exiles Are Called Sons Of ...
Psalmody
Psalmody Is The Singing Of Sacred Songs As An Act Of Worship. In This Article We Shall Speak Only Of Its Use In Public Worship, And We Shall Use The Term In Its Most Inclusive Sense. The Simple Idea Of Psalmody Is The Expression Of Religious Feeling In Lyrical Poetry ...
Ptah
Ptah, Or Ha - Ptaii- Ka, Or Ha-ka-ptah, The Abode Of Ptah,' Or ' Of The Being Of Ptah' (brugsch, I•, Pp. 235, 236, Nos. 1102, 1103, 1104, 1105, Tay. Xlii.) Memphis Was Well Chosen As The Capital City Of All Egypt. It Stands Just Above The Ancient Point Of ...
Ptolemy Or Ptolemeus
Ptolemy Or Ptolemeus (ilroxektaios), The Name Of Several Persons Mentioned In The Apocrypha. Macedonian In Its Origin, It Became The Dynastic Name Of The Greek Kings Of Egypt. Of These The Only One Mentioned By Name Is Ptole Miens Vi. Philometor, Ist-r46 (r Maccab. I. 17 ; X. 51, Ff. ...
Publican
Publican (gr. Ret.c.ivtis ; Among The Romans Pub/jennies), A Person Who Farmed The Taxes And Public Revenues. This Office Was Usually Held By Roman Knights, An Order Instituted As Early As The Time Of Romulus, And Composed Of Men Of Great Consideration With The Government, The Principal Men Of Dignity ...
Pudens
Pudens (tloans), One Of The Persons Whose Salutations Paul, Writing From Rome, Sends To Timothy (2 Tim. Iv. 21). Nothing Is Really Known Of Him ; But The Martyrologies Make Him To Have Been A Person Of Figure At Rome, Of The Senatorial Order, And Father Of Two Pious Virgins, ...
Punishments
Punishments. This Subject Is Properly Re Stricted Fb The Penalty Imposed On The Commission Of Some Crime Or Offence Against Law. It Is Thus Distinguished From Private Retaliation Or Revenge, Cruelty, Torture, Popular Violence, Certain Customs Of War, Etc. Human Punishments Are Such As Are Inflicted Immediately On The Person ...
Purim
Purim (iniz), The Annual Festival Instituted By Mordecai, At The Suggestion Of Esther, To Com Memorate The Wonderful Deliverance Of The Jews From The Destruction With Which They Were Threat. Ened Through The Designs Of Haman. 1. Name Of The Festival And Its Sistzi Fieation. — The Name (singular "in), ...
Purvey
Purvey, John, The Friend And Fellow-labourer Of Wycliffe, With Whom He Lived In His Latter Years. His Denunciations Of The Errors Of The Romish Church, As Well As His Endeavours To Make The Bible Accessible To The People At Large, By Translat Ing It Into English, Drew Upon Him The ...
Pzenict Ods Ic
Pzenict Ods Ic Aa01101. &otikovs (ppov'xovs). The Testimony Of Hesychius Is Very Clear : Bpookos Eucpiscop Ct5os Be Thy Xxwpitv Past, Gpoiway. Taaavrivot 'azreikepov, Trepoz, 'apoupalav The Inconsistency Of Jerome's Statements, And The Contrariety Both Of His Notions On The Subject, And Of The Other Latins, To Those Of The ...
Qaath
Qaath (mq, ; Syr. 1.0.=, Gaga ; Arab. Pup ; Lxx. Irenekdv). By This Is Denoted The Pelican. The Name Is Supposed To Be Derived From The Action Of Throwing Up Food, Which The Bird Really Effects When Discharging The Contents Of The Bag Beneath Its Bill (vomitor, From N)p, ...
Queen
Queen. The Hebrews Had No Word Properly Answering To Our Term Queen,' Which Is The Femi Nine Of King ;' Neither Had They The Dignity Which That Word Denotes. The Hebrew Word Usually Translated Queen' Is Rrona, Gebirah, Which Means Mistress,' Or Lady,' Being The Feminine Of -ona, Gebir, Or ...
Quicksand
Quicksand (ow' Prts). In Acts Xxvii. 17, It Is Mentioned That When The Ship In Which Paul Was Embarked Was Driven Past The Isle Of Clauda On The South, The Mariners, As Would Now Be Said, Struck The Sails And Scudded Under Bare Poles, Lest They Should Fall Into The ...
Quotations
Quotations. The Quotations Contained In Scripture Are Of Three Classes—i. Those Which The Later Writers Of The O. T. Make From The Earlier, Such As Micah Iv. 1-3 From Is. Ii. 2-4; Heb. Ii. From Is, Xi. 9 ; Jon. Ii. 3 From Ps. Xlii. 8 ; Ii. 5 From ...
R Channael
Channael, R., The Son Of The Celebrated R. Chusiel, The President Of The Jewish Community At Kairnan (afterwards Mahadia), Flourished About 950-98o A.d. He Wrote Glosses On The Talmud, On The Jurisprudence Of The Bible And Talmud, And Composed Liturgies. He Also Wrote A Com Mentary On The Pentateuch, Which, ...
Raamah
Raamah My, Or ; 'peyaci; But In Ezek. Xxvii. 22, ; Alex. 'pa-vat; Reyna, And Rama), The Fourth Son Of Cush, And The Father Of Sheba And Dedan (gen. X. 7 ; I Chron. I. 9). It Appears That The Descendants Of Cush Colonised A Large Part Of The Interior ...
Rab Shakeh
Rab-shakeh ; Sept. 'pavicto2s). This Name Is Aramaic, And Signifies Chief-cup Bearer. Notwithstanding Its Seemingly Official Significance, It Appears To Have Been Used As A Proper Name, As Butler With Us ; For The Person Who Bore It Was A Military Chief In High Command, Under Sennacherib King Of Assyria. ...
Rabbi
Rabbi 'pa/3/30, A Title Of Honour Given By The Jews To Their Learned Men, Authorised Teachers -of The Law, And Spiritual Heads Of The Community, And Which In The N. T. Is Frequently Given To Christ. T. Different Forms, And The Signification Of The Title.—the Term Rabbi, Is The Noun ...
Rahab
Rahab, Properly Rachab (2111, Large; Sept. "pax0), A Woman Of Jericho Who Received Into Her House The Two Spies Who Were Sent By Joshua Into That City ; Concealed Them Under The Flax Laid Out Upon The House-top, When They Were Sought After ; And, Having Given Them Important Informa ...
Ralbag
Ralbag (n"1). This Eminent Commentator, Grammarian, Metaphysician, Mathematician, Astro Nomer, And Philosopher, Was Born At Bano]as, Not Far From Gerona, In 1288. He Is Called Ralbag = )2"51, By The Jews, From The Initial Letters Of His Proper Name, Tiv1 13 "1 '1, R. Levi B. Gershon, And Is Quoted ...
Ramah
Ramah (rm..° Signifies A Height, Or A High Place, From The Root To Be High ; And Thus It Is Used In Ezek. Xvi. 24. Very Many Of The Ancient Cities And Villages Of Palestine Were Built On The Tops Of Hills So As To Be More Secure ; And ...
Ramathaim Zophim Or Ramaii
Ramathaim-zophim Or Ramaii (=bin ' Apnclactia Fackci ; Alex. /a/04, Both Mss. Making The Art 1 Part Of The Word ; .ramathaim Sophim ; And ; 'a.attab ; Ra Matha). In Its Full Form This Name Only Occurs In R Sam. I. 1 ; In All Other Places It Is ...
Ramoth Gilead
Ramoth-gilead And Ramoth In Gilead (1ihl Ribl And Rttri ; "'i Also 7,• T Written Please, ;i'm:), In 2 Chrom Xxii. 5 ; And Simply Rit)::, In 2 Kings Viii. 29 And 2 Chron. Xxii. 6 ; 'pa/44a 6, Tanatio; 'papa& Raxad3 ; 'peaaa ; Tetqh69, Etc. ; Ramoth-galaad), One ...
Rashbam
Rashbam (nz"v-1) Is The Acrostic Of ) T..:inty, Rabbi Samuel B. Meier, The Cele Brated Commentator And Tosafist, And Rashi's Daughter's Son. He Was Born At Ramero About '085, And Died About R 154. Till The Beginning Of The Last Century This Exquisite Scholar Was Chiefly Known As Having Completed ...
Recension
Recension. After The Critical Materials At The Basis Of The N.t. Text Had Accumulated In The Hands Of Mill And Bentley, They Began To Be Ex Amined With Care. Important Readings In Different Documents Were Seen To Possess Resemblances More Or Less Striking. Passages Were Found To Present The Same ...
Rechabites
Rechabites. The Tribe Or Family Of Ke Nites, Whom Jonadab, The Son Of Rechab, Subjected To A New Rule Of Life ; Or Rather Bound To The Con Tinued Observance Of Ancient Usages Which Were Essential To Their Separate Existence, But Which The Progress Of Their Intercourse With Towns Seemed ...
Rehob I
Rehob. I. (n)il, And Nin-1, E A Street ;' Also Written Minn Roz ; 'pap ; `poctif3 ; Alex. Tothp ; Rohob), A City On The Northern Border Of Palestine. It Is First Mentioned In Connection With The Mission Of The Spies :—they Searched The Land, From The Wilderness Of ...
Rehoboam
Rehoboam He Enlarges The People; Sept. 'popodµ), Only Son Of Solomon, Born Of An Ammonitess Called Naamah (i Kings Xiv. 2r, 31). His Reign Commenced B.c. 975, When He Was At The Age Of Forty-one, And Lasted Seventeen Years. This Reign Was Chiefly Remarkable For The Political Crisis Which Gave ...
Rehoboth
Rehoboth (rthi, Also This Name Occurs In Four Passages In Scripture. It Is Derived From The Root 1111, To Be Wide,' Or Spacious ;' And May Thus Signify Open, Roomy Places,' As Plains (it Is A Plural Form) Or Streets.' It Is Applied By The Sacred Writers To Three Distinct ...
Rephidim Mitzi
Rephidim (mitzi ; Also Trrp, Supports ;' 'pacbtaelv ; 'pacbtaiv; Raphidine), One Of The Prin Cipal Stations Of The Israelites In The Wilderness. Though Its Not Described In Scripture, Yet If The Identity Of Sinai With The Modern Jebel Mitsa Is Established, No Great Difficulty Can Be Felt In Ascertaining ...
Reuben
Reuben Plr, Behold A Son ; Sept. 'poup4v), Eldest Son Of Jacob By Leah (gen. Xxix. 32 ; Xxxv. 23 ; Xlvi. 8). His Improper Intercourse With Bilhah, His Father's Concubine Wife, Was An Enor Mity Too Great For Jacob Ever To Forget, And He Spoke Of It With Abhorrence ...
Rhoda
Rhoda Cp63.4, E., Rose), A Servant-maid Mentioned In Acts Xii. 13. Rhodes Cp600s), An Island In The Mediterra Nean, Near The Coast Of Asia Minor, Celebrated From The Remotest Antiquity As The Seat Of Com Merce, Navigation, Literature, And The Arts, Famous During The Middle A,ges As The Residence Of ...
Rhodon Ws
Rhodon Ws*, Signifying ` Rose,' Occurs Only In The Apocryphal Books Of Ecclesiasticus And The Book Of Wisdom (ecclus. Xxiv. 14 ; Xxxix. ; I. 8 ; Wisdom Xi. 8). The Rose, Though So Seldom Referred To In The Writings Of The Jews, Is Indigenous In Some Parts Of Palestine ...
Riblah
Riblah (r1511, ` Fertility,' From The Arabic • Root J.1) ; Baxd ; Pa/that:cu. ; Tel3xa9ct ; Ae13 /tabli ; Alex. Sometimes Atfixacl, And ,:liepxcact ; Rebla ; Reblatha), A Very Ancient City Of Canaan. In Describing The Boundaries Of The Land Which The Lord Promised To Bestow On The ...
Richard Bentley
Bentley, Richard, D.d., Was Born At Oulton In Yorkshire, 27th Jan. 1661. Having Received His Elementary Education At The Schools Of Methley And Wakefield, He Passed In 1676 To Cambridge, Where He Was Admitted Sub-sizar Of St. John's College In His R5th Year. Having Taken His M.a. Degree In July ...
Richard Hurd
Hurd, Richard, D.d., Who Was Born At Congreve In Staffordshire, In 172o, Rose From A Comparatively Humble Rank In Life, His Parents Being (to Use His Own Words) ` Plain, Honest, And Good People, Farmers, But Of A Turn Of Mind That Might Have Honoured Any Rank.' They Were Wise ...
Richard Kidder
Kidder, Richard, D.d., Successively Pre Bend Of Norwich, Dean Of Peterborough, And Bishop Of Bath And Wells. He Was Born About The Year 1633, A.nd, According To Anthony Wood (athen. Oxon., Vol. Ii., Fasti I23), At Brighton. He Was Admitted Sizar Of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, In June 1649, Took The ...
Richard Laurence
Laurence, Richard, D.c.l., Was Born At Bath In The Year 176o. He Matriculated In The University Of Oxford, July 14, 1778, As An Exhibi Tioner Of Corpus Christi College, Took The Degree Of B.a. April To, 1782, That Of M.a. July 9, 17s5, And Those Of B. And D.c.l,. June ...
Richard Simon
Simon, Richard, Was Bom At Dieppe, May 13, 1638. He Entered The Congregation Of The Oratory At An Early Age, And Soon Distinguished Himself As A Learned And Laborious Hebrew Scholar. He Taught Philosophy First At Juilly, And Then At Paris, Where He Employed Himself In Forming A Catalogue Of ...
Riddle
Riddle (trim), Literally, Something Intricatf. Or Complicated ;' Arinyina. Gesenius Derives The Hebrew Word From The Arabic To Bend Off, Or Tie In Knots ;' And The Immediate Etymology Usually Assigned To The Greek Word Is Alvicro-opm, To Hint Obscurely.' The Hebrew Word (judg. Xiv. 12-19) Properly Means A Riddle ...
Rimmon
Rimmon, The Name Of Several Ancient Places In Palestine. The Word Signifies A Pome Granate ; And Probably The Places Were So Called Because Of The Abundance Of The Fruit In Their Localities. ; 'epcoducz ; 'epeaucfn; Alex. 'pep.,uthp; ; Remmon), A City On The Extreme Southern Border Of The ...
River
River. No Less Than Seven Distinct Hebrew Words Are Rendered In The A. V. By The Common Term River.' These Words Are Not Synonymous. Hlost Of Them Have Definite Significations, And Were Used By The Sacred Writers To Set Forth Certain Physical Peculiarities. When These Are Overlooked, The Full Force ...
River Of Egypt
River Of Egypt. This Term Occurs Eight Times In The O. T. In One Of These The Word Translated River Is"im, While In All The Others It Is 1-1). The Preceding Remarks On These Two Terms, And The Clear Distinction Drawn Between Them By The Sacred Writers, Will Show That ...