BIGNONIA. This genus of plants is one of the Bignoniacem, and 18 species occur in China, the Moluccas, Assam, Morung, Peninsula of India, and Malacca. Amongst them are B. adenophylla of Burma, B. undulata of Hindustan and Gujerat, B. multijuga of Sylhet and Penang. The leaves of B. chica yield a red colouring matter. Several species in Burma and Tenasserini are not yet specifically ,identified. They are called by the Burmese, Lain-bha, Kyoun-douk, Than-day, Thug gai-ni, and Thau-thet-ngai. Bignonia coronaria, a large tree with white flowers ; very plentiful in the Tharawaddy and Pegu districts ; affords from the inner bark material for rope.
Bignonia chelonoides, Linn.
Stereospermum chelonoides, D. C. I'adal, Samna, . HIND. I Pathiri maram, . TAIT. Keersel, Tuatuka, Tagada, Kaligoru, . TEL. Padri maram, . MALEAL. „ maram, TAM. Pamphoonea, . . U RIA.
This is found in various parts of the Madras Presi dency, both above and below the ghats in Canara and Sunda, though not common there ; abundant in the Dekhan, on the right bank of the Godavery, and in Ganjam and Gumsur ; also in the Bombay ghats, at Khandalla and Parr ; also in the Panjab, the Siwalik tract, Sylhet, and Assam. In the mountainous parts of the .coast of Coromandel it grows to be a large tree ; flowers during the hot and rainy seasons, and the seed ripens in Decem ber and January. The wood is high-coloured, hard, and durable, and much used amongst the inhabitants of the hills, where it is plentiful. It attains an extreme height of 20 feet, with a cir cumference of 1 foot, and the height from the ground to the intersection of the first branch is 8 feet. The tree is held sacred by the Hindus, in consequence of which it is difficult to obtain the timber ; but it is a good fancy wood, and suitable for buildings. The bark and fruit are used medi cinally, and the pleasant-tasted fragrant flowers are used to make a cooling drink in fevers..
Bignonia Indica, Linn.
Spathodea Indica. I Bignonia pentandra, Lear.
Calosanthes Indies, Blume.
Malin, Sori, . . HIND. I Tat Morang, . . than. Tat Palanga, . . 'rota), Maim.
This is common near water streams on the Bombay side, chiefly below the ghats. On the Coromandel coast it grows tall, chiefly up amongst the mountains ; flowering-time, the beginning of the wet season i . seed ripens in January and Feb ruary. The wood is so soft and spongy as to be unfit for use. It grows in Behar and in the Siwalik hills, and immense pods 18 in. long and 4 in. broad hang from its branches in its leafless state. In the Tenasserim Provinces it is often seen near the dwellings of the natives; it grows luxuriantly in the cold regions of the Himalaya. The bark and capsules are astringent, and used in tanning and dyeing. Tho leaves, called Sionak in the Punjab, are used in medicine.
Bignonia quadrilocularis, Roxb.
Spathodea Itoxburghii, I Walrus, . . . Maim This largo tree is found in the higher hilly places of the Konkan, tho higher valleys of the ghats, Circar mountains, Malabar hill, Bombay, Ele phanta; and it is very common in Padahapore jungles, in the Southern Mahratta country. It flowers during the beginning of the hot season, and its flower is very beautiful. Tho wood is strong, tough, durable, and is much used for beams, as planking for carts, and for many pur poses, by the natives.
Bignonia stipulata, Roxb.
Spathodea stipulata, 11 a11.
Pha bhan, . AKYAB. I Ma shoat', of MomatEnc.
1Ca-nahoung, . . I The stipuled tnunpet-flower tree has a long twisted pod. It is common thrqughout Tenaawrire and at Moulmein. The flowers are often seen in bazars, where they are sold for food. In Akyab the natives make a spirituous liquor from the bark. Dr. M'Clelland describes it as affording a strong, very dense, and most valuable wood for purposes requiring strength, elasticity, and density.
Bignonia suaveolens, Roxb.
Stereospermum suay., W. I Tecomasuaveolens,G. Don. Pawl, Parool, . . 13ENG. Ehita padari?.