GALLUS, a genus of the sub-family Gallinm, of the family Phasianidm. The Gallinm comprise , the jungle-fowls of India and Malayana, the firebacks and black pheasants peculiar to the 1Malayan region, and a small group in India and Ceylon, the spur-fowl of Indian sportsmen. The very beautiful Diardigallus prelatus, Bonaparte, a bird of Siam, is considered to be the link from the Kalij pheasants to the jungle-fowl, or to the firebacks. It has a peacock-like crest, a rather long, glossy black tail, the upper plumage and breast silvery grey, and the rump pale golden yellow. Next this should come the firehacked pheasants Macaxtneya, with Phasianus ignitus and P. Vieillotti, large birds with black plumage, the back fiery red, and the middle tail feathers white. Next, Alectrophasis, Gray, founded on Lophophorus Cuvierii, Temnz., a very beautiful bird, and Aconaus, founded on the Phasianus erythrophthalmus, similar but smaller. Next these is the jungle-fowl; Gallus ferrugineus, Grnel., red jungle-fowl.
G. Bankiva, Tram.
Nateu-pia, . . Bifor. Jangil-murgh, . HIND.
Geragogor (reale) of GOND. Parsok-tshi, . . . LEP. Kant (female), . 7, Bon-kokra of SANTAL.
Ban-MlIrgh, . . HIND. _ It inhabits India aiTar West as Sind, ascends the Himalaya to a height of 4000 feet ; inhabits !Irma, the Malay Peninsula, Indo-Chiziefie 'es, and the E. Archipelago, as far as Timor.
Gallus Sonneratii, Temm., grey jungle-fowl.
Phasianua gallus, Sonneratii.
• I'. Indicus, Leach, Blyth, Sykes, Jerdon.
Jangli-rnurgh, . limn. 1 Adva-kodi, . . . TEL. Katu-koli, . . . . TAM. I This does not range into tho northern parts of India ; part of its hackles consist of highly peculiar horny laminae, and it is not now believe(' to be the parent bira of the domestic fowl.
Gallus Stanleyi, Gray.
O. linentus, Blyth. G. Lafayetti, Lesson.
Jungle-fowl of Ceylon, is peculiar to Ceylon, and greatly resembles the domestic fowl.
Gallus Temminckii is supposed to be a hybrid ; it occurs in Batavia.
Gallus varius, called also G. fureatus, is met with in JitVII and the islands of the Archipelago as far E. as Flores. It has green plumage, unser mted comb, and single median wattle.
Gallus mneus, Tama, is considered to be a hybrid between G. varius and G. Sonneratii, Darwin, Tod.
The Galloperdix genus comprises the spur-fowl of Indian sportsmen. G. spadaceus, Gmelin., is the red spur-fowl. G. is the painted spur-fowl. G. Zeylonensis is the Ceylon spur-fowl.
The domestic fowl and all its inany species and varieties, the Ouph of the Hebrews, the Murgbi of the Mahomedans of India, and Koli of the Tamil people, though in numerous breeds and sub breeds, have all diverged front a single type. The game breed is from the Gallus ferrugineus. Its feathers are closely depressed to the body ; it is indomitally courageous, evinced even in the disposition of the heus and chickens ; it is of various colours. The chief varieties are,— Malay fowl, with body of great size, dispositiOn savage. Cochin or Shang-hai breed, of great size, of Chinese origin, and disposition quiet.
Lantain breed, originally from Japan.
Creepers or jumpers, from Burma, short, monstrous thick legs.
Frizzled or Kafir fowls of India, with feathers reversed.
Silk fowls, with silky feathers. This is called the Phasianus lanatus, Gallus lanatus, Coq-li-duvet, Silk fowl. Kircher describes them, out of Martini, as woolly hens, tho wool of which is much like that of sheep.
Sooty fowls of India, the hens of which have a white colour, black akin and periosteum.
The Europe breeds, Dorking, Hamburgh, An dalusian, Spanish, Sultans, Ptarmigans, Glioaon (look, Rumpless, are only known in S.E. Asia as introduced varieties.—C'al. Rec.; Jerdon ; Hors field ; Yide's Cathay, p. 100.