Lead mines aro worked at Kappar or Sekran in Central Baluchistan.
The Broltui are confined to the mountain districts, in which also are tribes from several sources ; for instance, Jhalawan has Ilajput descendants, the Boledi is of Arab descent, and the Kamburani claim to be Abyssinian.
The typical Brahui are certain tribes in Sahara wan and Jhalawan. They have, both in feature and speech, indications of a Mongoloid or Turanian origin. They are hardy, often migratory. Their political chief is the Khan of Kalat. They are Sunni Muhammadan.
The more unsettled and wandering Brahui reside in one part of the country during summer, and migrate for the winter season. They likewise change their immediate place of resort many times, in search of pasturage for their flocks,—a practice rare among the Baluch tribes. They differ so much from the Baluch in external appearance, that it is almost impossible to mistake one for the other. The Brahui, instead of the tall figure, long visage, and raised features of their fellow-countrymen, are stout and squat, have short, thick bones, with round faces and flat lineaments. The title Kamburani is a general one for all the Brahui. The Kamburani are subdivided into distinct gradations of rank, called Ahmadzai and Khani. The first supplies the khan, and the Khani are of the secondary rank of chiefs ; while the Kamburani include all the remainder of the tribe, though in common use is applicable to the whole body. They receive wives from, but do not marry their daughters into, other tribes.
Brahui are found throughout Baluchistan, but chiefly occupy the mountainous regions of Jhala wan and Saharawan, while Kalat, the capital, is their headquarters. They are hardly to be sur passed in activity, strength, and hardiness, being alike inured to the cold of the mountains of Baluch istan and to the heat of Cutchi. The women of the Bizanju tribe, and those of the Nichari near Kalat, are esteemed very handsome ; but the ex posure to which they are subjected during their migrations soon bronzes the face, and they acquire a hardy, masculine appearance. At the
commencement of the winter months, all migrate to the plains, and many leave the hill country as early as the middle of September. On a march they sustain incredible labour.
The Gurganani Brahui take their name from the Persian Gurg, a wolf.
Kamburani Brahui are estimated to have 1000 fighting men. They are supposed to have come from Abyssinia, Kambur in Baluchi meaning an Abyssinian. It is said also to mean a tortoise.
Brahui and Baluch are equally hospitable, but the Brahui are the more quiet and industrious race, with habits averse to the rapine and violence to which the Baluch tribes are addicted. In personal bravery and endurance of privations and hardships, the Brahui are esteemed superior to all the neighbouring races. Their gratitude is lasting, and their fidelity conspicuous. They are mild and inoffensive in manner, though uncouth and un civilised. Their women are not secluded.
The tribes, especially the Brahui mountaineers, reside in tomans, or collections of tents. •hese tents are made of goats' hair, black or striped ; the furniture is very- simple,—a few metal cooking pots, a stone baud-mill, and some rough carpets and rugs, with a distaff for spinning wool, and a hookah, are all that are usually found in a Brahui tent. That of the chief may perhaps be better furnished, and he is richer than his neighbours in flocks and herds. The dress of the lower orders is made up of a long tunic, trousers -loose at the feet, and a black or brown greatcoat or cloak, usually of felt, kamrband, and •sandals. They wear a small cap, either fitting tight to the- out line of the head, or dome-shaped, with a tassel on the top. Those of the higher classes are elabor ately ornamented with gold thread. A few wear turbans; and the Baluch have them preposterously large, of white muslin. The higher classes are somewhat better dressed, and carry loongees or scarfs, which they throw around their shoulders in exactly the same manner as a Scotchman wears his plaid, and as the ancient Irish wore them long ages ago.