HAFIZ, a lyric poet, native of Shiraz, author of the Dewan-i-Hafiz. Many of his poems lava been translated ; one by Sir William Jones, and which perhaps surpasses the original, commences with 'Sweet maid, if thou wouldst charm my sight, And bid these arms thy neck enfold ; That rosy cheek, that lily hand, Would give thy lover more delight Than all Bokhara's vaunted gold— Than all the gems of Samarkand.' IIafiz is his takhallus, or poetical appellation. His own name was Muhammad Shams-ud-Din. Very little is known of his life ; and it appears to have been in no degree remarkable for incident. He was born at Shiraz in the beginning of the 14th century, and died and was buried near there in A.D. 1338. He is now regarded as a holy man, and oblations are offered at his shrine. He is buried in a small garden about half a mile outside the walls of the town. The tomb over his remains was erected by Karim Khan. It is a block of white marble in the form of a coffin, on which arc cut, in the most exquisite Persian characters, two of his poems, and the date of his death. A copy of his works is kept in an adjoining house. The white material with which the tomb is formed, has become, from exposure to the weather, very much discoloured, and adds to the sombre effect pro duced by the cypress trees that surround it. I! our well-known &Ochs of Hafiz inculcate the return of good for evil : ' Learn from yon orient shell to love thy foe, And store with pearls the band that brings thee woe: Free, like yon rock, from base vindictive pride, Emblaze with gems the wrist that rends thy side : Mark where yon tree rewards the stony shower With fruit nectareous, or the balmy flower : All Nature calls aloud—Shall man do less Than heal the amitcr, and the railer bless?' —Pottinger's Tr. pp. 241-2 ; Ouseley, pp. 241-2 ; Sir
William Tones; As. Res. iv. ; MacGregor, iv. p. 557. HAFT. Pans. Seven: Haft-Aklim, the seven climates, into which Mahorne.dan geographers divide the earth. The term is meant to include the whole world, and kings have sometimes assmned the title of King of the Seven Climates. It applies, however, to the northern hemisphere, which they partition into zones of various breadth, from cast to west. Haft-Kishwar has the same meaning and allusion as Haft-Aklim ; and the sovereignty of the world is sometimes assumed under that title.
Haft-Dhat, literally seven metals, corresponding to the planets, each of which ruled a metal : hence Mohar, the sun, for gold ; Chandra, the moon, for silver.
Haft-Hind, the seven rivers of the Panjab.
Haft-Khaneh, or Satgurh group of caves, is one of the Behar caves in tire neighbourhood of Raja griha, the most ancient eaves in India, about 200 B.C. The others are the Milkmaid's cave, the Brahman Girl's cave, the Nagarjun cave, and in the neighbourhood are the Kama chapara and Lomas Rishi caves.
Haft-Rang, a beautiful variety of the rose. Haft-Lang, a tribe of the Bakhtilui.
Ilaft-Tan, literally seven persons who, in the early days of Maliomedanism, were worshipped in Kurdistan by the Ali Tiahi sect as the incarnate deity. Baba Yadgar was one of the seven persons. His tomb is in the pass of Zardah, and is the holy place of the Ali MIA sectarians, who believe in upwards of a thousand incarnations of the godhead. At the time of the Arab invasion of Persia, the Zardah pass was regarded as the abode of Elias.