MOGHUL, a term derived from Mongol. As a title it was especially applied to the sovereigns of Dehli of the house of Timur, although they were equally at least of Turk descent, and pre sented in their appearance entirely Turkish cha racteristics. But Hindus apply this term, as also Turk, to all Muhammadans except the. Afghans, whom they designate Pathans ; and Moghulai is used to distinguish Muhammadan laws and terri tories from those of the Hindus and the British. Each of the successive emperors' of Hindustan was known to Europe as the Grand Moghul ; nevertheless the father of Haber, the founder of the dynasty, was a Chaghtai Turk, who spoke and wrote in Chaghtai Turki, and never alluded to the Moghuls but with contempt and aversion. His mother is said to have been a Moghulani. He said the horde of Moghuls have uniformly been.the authors of every kind of mischief and devastation. With the Portuguese, the northern
part of Hindustan, held by the Moghul sovereigns, was styled Mogor, and Goa and the western coast of the Peninsula was to them India, just as the British now designate as India all their possessions in Hindustan and the two Peninsulas, and as with the Dutch, India means Java, Sumatra, and the Netherland possessions in the Archipelago.
Moghul, in India, is at present applied to, and is indifferently usedby, persons of Persian or Turk descent, though the former race assume also the title of Mirza, while the descendants of the civilians and soldiery from High Asia, whom Haber and others brought into India, have the tribal title of Beg, also that of Agha or Aka. Moghulani, a female attendant on a lady, a lady's maid.