Arabia, 3,156,600 sq. kil. (including Sinai and the Syrian Desert) and 5,000,000 inhabitants ; of this, an area of 2,507,390, with a population of 3,700,000, is independent of Turkey.
Persia.-Area is given as 1,647,070 sq. kil. ; the population on an estimate by General Schindler in 1881, is given as 7,653,000.
Afghanistan.-Area, 721,664 sq. kil., and a popu lation of 4,000,000 (includingWakhan,Badaklishan, Xunduz, Clialum, Balkh, Maemana, and Herat).
Kafristan has an area of 51,687 sq. kil., and 13ehm and Wagner accept Major Raverty's estimate of 100,000 families, or 500,000 inhabitants.
The figures, then, are - for China proper, 4,024,690 sq. kil. and 350 million inhabitants ; and for the tributaries of Manchuria, Mongolia, Tibet, Zangaria, and East Turkestan, 7,531,074 sq. kil. and 21,180,000 inhabitants,-in all, for the Chinese Empire, 11,555,764 sq. kil. and 371,200,000 inhabitants. With regard to Corea, the area is stated as 236,784 sq. kil. As to its population, the most varied estimates have been given,-from 71 millions to 15 millions ; Messrs. Behm and Wagner estimate 81 millions.
The area of Japan, 1881, and its dependencies (the Kuriles, Loo - Choo, and Benin Islands) 382,447 sq. kil., and the population 36,357,212.
The total area ruled by Britain in India, in cluding Tributary States and Further India, is 1,457,244 square miles (3,774,193 sq. kil.), and the population 252,541,210.
Nepal, Bhutan, etc., States.-The area of 234,000 sq. kil. is given, and a population of 3,300,000 ; French possessions, 508 sq. kil., population (1879) 276,649 ; Portuguese possessions, 3355 sq. kil., population (1877) 444,987 ; Ceylon, 24,702 sq. miles (63,976 sq. kil.), and the population (1878) 2,606,930.
In Further India - British Burma, 229,351 sq. kil., 3,707,646 inhabitants ; Manipur, 19,675 and 126,000 ; people east and south of Assam, 65,500 and 200,000 ; Burma, 457,000 and 4,000,000 ; Siam, 726,850 and 5,750,000 ; Annam, 140,500 and 21,000,000 ; French Cochin-China, 59,456 and 1,597,013 ; Cambodia, 83,861 and 890,000 ; Independent Malacca, 81,500 and 300,000 ; Straits Settlements, 3742 and 390,000.
Islands.-Andamans, 6497 sq. kil. and 14,500 inhabitants ; Nicobars, 1772 sq. kil. and 5500 inhabitants ; Sunda Islands and Moluccas, 1,693,757 sq. kil. and 28,867,000 inhabitants ; Philippines, 296,182 sq. kil. and 6,300,000 inhabit ants. Dutch possessions (including New Guinea and the Papuan Islands), 1,462,400 sq. kil., 27,962,000 inhabitants. For the British territory of North Borneo an area of 57,000 sq. kil. is given, and a population of 150,000.
For Australasia the census figures of 1881 are as follows for population :-New South Wales, 751,468; Victoria, 62,346; Queensland, 213,525 ; South Australia, 279,865 ; West Australia, 31,000.
Total - Australia, 2,138,200, or, with 55,000 natives, 2,193,200 ; Tasmania, 115,705 ; New Zealand„489,933.
To New Guinea an area of 785.362 kil. is assigned (or, with the neighbouring Wanda, 807,956), and a population of 500,000. Of Oceania Islands, the Society Islands (Tahiti, Moore*, etc.), thoTuamotu and Gambier groups, and other Pacific islands, have been annexed by France, and Rotinuali has been taken over by Britain. For Fiji, the population at the end of 1880 is given 121,884. Melanesia, 145,855 sq. kil., 617,400 in habitants; Polynesia, 9791 and 121,500 ; Sand wich Islands, 17,008 and 57,985 ; Micronesia, 3530 and 91,600. Total-Oceania, 176,181 sq. kil. and 888,500 inhabitants.
Morocco is given 812,332 sq. kil. and 6,140,000 inhabitants. Recent changes in the administrat ive divisions are noticed, and the total area given is 667,065 sq. kil., with 2,867,626 inhabit ants (1877). For 1880, the area of the Civil Ter ritory stands at 73,835 sq. kil., and its popu lation 1,882,124. Tunis, under French protection, has an area of 116,348 sq. kil. and population 2,100,000. Tripoli, Fezzan, and Barka have an area of 1,033,349 sq. kil., and a population of 1,010,000. The Sahara, outside the Mediterranean and Soudan States, is credited with an area of 6,180,426 sq. kil., and a population of 21 millions.
Egypt proper has now an area of 935,275 sq. kil., and a population of 5,583,774 ; adding to this the Libyan Oases and the Egyptian Soudan, the whole of the territory under the Khedive covers an area of 2,986,900 sq. kil., with a popu lation of 16,400,000. For the States of Central Soudan (Wadai, Bagherini, Bornu, Kanem, Socota, etc.), there is the total area 1,714,984 sq. kil., with a population of 31,800,000. For the French possessions in Senegambia, the population is given as 192,924 for 1879 ; but this does not include the extensive territory in the Upper Niger brought under French protection in 1881. For Sierra Leone the population of the census of 1881 is given - 60,546 ; Lagos (1881), 75,270 ; Gold Coast (1872), 408,070. Liberia is given an area of 37,200 sq. kil., and a population of 1,050,000, of whom, however, only 18,000 can certainly be regarded as civilised. For Abyssinia 333,280 sq. kil. and 3,000,000 inhabitants are given ; while Galla and Somali Lands have an area of 1,897,000 sq. kil., and a population of 15f millions. All the countries in the region of the Great Lakes are classed together as the Equatorial Regions; those north of the equator having an area of 2,254,980 sq. kil. and a population of 27,000,000, and those south of the equator 1,717,900 sq. kil. and 20,000,000 inhabitants.