ROSE.
Ward, ARAB. Roos, DIIT.
Ying-shih, . . . CHIN. Rodon, GR.
Tsiang-wei, Tsiang-mi, Mawar, . . . MALAY.
Muh-hiang, . . . Gul, PERS.
Mui-kwai-hwa, . . Roza, Rus.
Fu-kien-sian, . . Gulaba-pu, . . TAIL Mei-kwe-hwa, . . Roja-pu, . . . TEL.
Hoa-houng-tau,Com-Cn.
The Rosacem, or rose tribe of plants of Lind ley, comprise the genera Agromonia, Dalibarda, Fragaria, Geum, Hotelia, Neillia,, Potentilla, Rosa, Rubus, Schizonotus, Sibbaldia, Sieversia, and Spirma. Rose trees grow in India, both wild and cultivated, and the flower is much prized. Wild yellow roses are found in Kashmir, Lahoul, and Tibet. Lowther states they are sometimes double, and Thomson mentions double yellow roses at 11,000 feet in Ladakh. The yellow Persian rose finds its eastern limit in Lahoul, but Fortune saw a, China yellow rose in the gardens of the mandarins during the early months of the year. The colour had something of buff in it, which gave the flowers an uncommon appearanc,e. It was a most beauti ful double yellow climbing rose from the more northern districts of the empire. Another rose, which the Chinese call the five-coloured,' was also found in one of these gardens at this time. Sometimes it produces self-coloured blooms, being either red or French-white, and frequently kaving flowers of both on one plant at the same time, while at other times the flowers are striped with the two colours. The rose was known in earlytimes, and was as great a favourite among the nations of antiquity as it is in modern times. It is found in almost every country of the northern hemisphere, both in the Old and New World. All the species are included between lat. 70° and 19° N. It is found more generally on dry and free soils than on those which are wet and tenacious. In the north of .Europe it occurs with single flowers, but in Italy, Greece, and Spain more frequently double. The flowers of the rose have a great variety of colours, from the deep-red to pale yellow and white, with every intermediate shade. In India, the easiest mode of propagation is by layers at almost all seasons, or by cuttings at the commencement of the mins. The Persian varieties, red and white, require to have their roots opened and tho plants cut during tho early part of the cold season, after which they must be watered well every second or third day. The roots must
then be covered up with manure, when they will throw out flowers. Tho Rose Edward, which blossoms a great part of the year, requires pruning about a month after it ceases to blossom and should bo allowed to rest a short timo without watering, when a fresh supply of water tuid manure round tho roots will cause it t,o bear flowering shoots immediately. This rose, and the Egyptian, aro amongst the few that give seed hip, being perfectly formed on both. Some of the roses in China are peculiar from having trans parent dots on their leaves, resembling those of the myrtles, and with the Chinese the root,s and fruits of rose trees are officinal.
Rosa brunonis, Lind.
Kujo, Kuji, Gangari,Bgas. Gulab-ghuri,. . Posirru. Karar, . . . . CI1EN. Kajer, Kui, Kajri, SUTLEJ. Phulutrit Chal, JHELUM. Gulab-ghuroi, TR.-INDUS. Phulwari, Krur, KANGRA.
This fino wild white rose climbs luxuriantly over bushes and even tall trees. It is corrunon in the outer Himalaya from 2400 to 7000 feet, up to and probably beyond the Indus. It furnishes a small-sized wood, which makes walking-sticks. In Murree they call it chal ; ' but this they also apply to the jasmine.
Rosa canbaa, the dog rose, Kin-ying-tsze, Cum., is common in Kiang-si and other provinces of China ; fruits large and astringent, formerly used in medicine.
Rosa centifolia, Linn.
R. provineialis, Miller. I R. eentifolin rauseosa.
Wurd, ARAB. Hundred-leaved TOW, ENG.
Kanta gulab, . BENG. Gul-i-surkh, . . . HIND.
Gulab-ka-phul, DUKII. Mawar, . . . MaLaT.
Cabbage rose, . ENG. Gul-i-sad-barg, . PERS.
This, a native of Syria, is cultivated through out Europe, British India Persia, and China, and from it rose-water and Ai. or otto of roses aro prepared. The stem or kubjak is used by the Hindu physicians in medicine. Its fragrance is but par tially destroyed by desiccation, and according to M. Chereau is remarkably augmented by iodine. It is less astringent than the Provence rose and more laxative. The petals are used as laxalives for children, and also made into the conserve of roses or gul-khand. The petals of this as well as of the R. gallica are preserved with salt by tho European apothecaries for tho preparation of the distilled water.