Mowat or Mawat, MAHE., soil of a mixed kind, of a light-black colour.
Mula, of Mysore, rains falling between 12th and 2ritti December. Cumin, coriander, tobacco, and other seeds are sown at this time.
Mungari, of Bombay, the early crop which is sown about the beginning of the rfflns, and reaped early in the cold weather ; in Mysore, the rains of the S.W. monsoon.
My•al, EURNI., land. illy-M-10ot, of Burma, waste land. Myal, 3IALEAL, lain& on which rice plants are sown thickly for the purpose of transplanting ; land watcretl by rain.
Nachelm, TEL, waste land overrun with knot-grass. Nijuri, in the Hyderabad assigned districts, land lying fallow from exhaustion of soil. .
Nunjah, Nanjai, in Madras, irrigated land in distinction to Punjab tlry land.
Char land is of two kinds, todah and khil. Tonal' are those little hanging fields like steps rising one above another, anal aro built tap at their lower edge with stones, and which are liable to destruction by bt ing washed down when the rain is violent. If the land be good, it ifS awal kisan ' or first class ; if stony and ball, tiuyatn kisin ' or second class. Khil land is that which is broken up with the hoe on the steep slopes of a hill ; it is too steep to be ploughed. These kinds of soil are observable through many hill districts. In the hill districts bordering on the Ambala rand Kotalmh in the Ambala district, the land is divided into kulalm, land watered by kul (water-eourses sup plied from on artificial pond formed by daanming up the hill streaans), and °bar, which is the same m bargini, land dependent on rain for its irrigation.
Demur soil appears to he formed by a superabundance of one or other of the salts or their bases, which are brought to the surface from the beds below, and not carried off or taken back into these beds. It is known that salts of ammonia are injurious to plants, unless combined with organic acids, supplied to the soil by decayed vegetable or animal matter. This matter is neces.sary to combine with, and fix, the ammonia in tlie soil, and give it out to the plants as they require it. It is possible that
nitrates may superabound in the soil from the oxidizement of the nitrogen of a superfluity of ammonia. The. natives say that all land may be come oosur from neglect ; and, when oosur, can never be made to bear crops, after it has been left long fallow, till it has been Hooded with rain-water for two or three seasons, by means of artificial em bankments, and then well watered, manured, and ploughed. When well tilled in this way, all but the very worst kinds of oosur aro said to bear tolerable crops. In the midst of n plain of barren oosur land, which has hardly a tree, shrub, or blade of grass are seen small oases, or patches of low land, in which accumulated rain-water lies for several months every year, covered with stout grasses of different kinds, a sure indication of ability to bear good crops under good tillage. From very bad oosur lands, common salt or saltpetre, or both, are obtained by digging out and washing the earth, final then removing the water by evaporation. The clods in the mattiyar soil not only retain moisture, slid give it out slowly as required by the crops, but they give shelter and coolness to the young and tender shoots of grain and pulse. Trees, shrubs, and plants of all kinds everywhere derive carbonic acid gas and ammonia from the atmosphere, and decompose them fur their own use in tho same manner.
Pada, Padusala, Padakara, Uttaraprola, l'adit, anal Tanya are Mabrati terms for fallow or unculti vated lands.
Paiwast, in N.W. Provinces and Bengal, alluvial accretions.
rename, TEL., low-lying ground.
Parampa or Paramha, 211ALEAL., garden land, a private estate.
Parampoku, in Mysore, uncultivable land.
Parti, in N.W. I'rovinces, fallow land.
Pasama or Pasama kur, of the Malealam country, from Paso, paste or glue, ig the best quality of soil ; it is adhesive and tenacious.
l'atla, TEL, is rico land yielding an intermediate crop between the first and second crops, being under water during the wet season.