ABSCESS.
IlTeningocele, E ncephalocele, and Hy dreticephalocele. See ENCEPHALOCELE. Hydrocephalus, Acute and Chronic.
See HYDROCEPHALUS.
Intracranial Tumors. See TUMORS OF THE BRAIN.
Traumatic Intracranial —Extravasation of blood commonly oc curs in all injuries of the head accom panied by laceration of the brain, and in many in which the skull is fractured and the brain uninjured. Intracranial haemorrhage is favored by the great vas cularity of the parts within the skull, the' large sinuses, the numerous arteries that ramify both within the bones and at the base of the brain, and the intri cate vascular net-work extended over the surface of the brain.
The extravasation may occur in three situations: Between the dura mater and the skull (extradural); between the dura mater and the brain (subdural); within the brain-substance and its ven tricles (cerebral).
Extradural Haemorrhage.—This form of hemorrhage is also called meningeal extravasation, as it most commonly arises from rupture of the middle me ningeal artery or its branches, which, from its location in a deep canal in the parietal bone, is peculiarly liable to rupt ure in injuries of the side of the skull.
SYMPTOMS.—The symptoms of extra dural hmorrhage are those of compres sion, divisible into three stages: concus sion, a return and some continuance of consciousness (pathognomonic of this condition), and then coma gradually supervening. The patient is at first stunned by the accident; from this he quickly recovers and then relapses into unconsciousness, which gradually in creases in intensity. He becomes dull and sleepy, with a slow, laboring pulse, dilated and sluggish pupils; and a tend ency to slower respiration. As the compression increases, complete stupor supervenes, with stertorous breathing, and the appearance of either general paralysis or hemiplcgia of the side oppo site to the injury.