Automaton
Automaton, A Self-moving Machine, Or Ma Chine So Constructed, That, By Means Of Internal Springs And Weights, It May Move A Considerable Time As If En Dowed With Life. ( From Ipse, And 14006p4c1 Excitor.) According To This Definition, Clocks And Watches, As Well As Mechanical Imitations Of Living Animals, ...
Av
Av • 11" : \1" : Nv" • \v" : \v"', &c. Now, W W' : .:3`, And W' : W" : : P : .:/`" Hence A`: P P' : P", Kc. Q. E. D. Now It Has Been Ascertained By The Experiments Of Pe Rier Upon The Puy. ...
Avalanches
Avalanches, The Name Given To Those Im Mense Masses -of Snow Which Are Precipitated From The Alps, And Which Villages In'their Destrukive Course. When . The Snow Begins To Melt By The Heat Of Summer, The Water Which Is Produced Runs 'below, And Deitrbys Adhesion Between The Snow. And The ...
Avares Ava Rs
Ava Rs, Avares, Or Avari, A Name Denoting " Far Distant," Was Formerly Applied To The Inhabi Tants Of The More Remote Districts Of Asiatic Sarma Tia, Towards The East ; But Is Now Chiefly Confined To A Horde Of -barbarians Belonging To The Nation Of The Ogors Or Varchonites, ...
Avenche
Avenche, The Arenticum Of The Ancients, A Small Town In The Canton Of Berne, In Switzerland, Situated At The South Extremity Of The Lake Morat, Near The River Broye. Avenche Seems To Have Been A Very Flourishing Colony In The Time Of The Romans. Within A Space Of About Five ...
Avignon
Avignon, A City Of France, And Capital Of The Department Of Vaucluse, Is Situated On The Cast Bank Of The Rhone; And Includes A Circumference Of About Three Miles And A Quarter. It Is Surrounded With Handsome Battlements And Turrets. The Streets And Houses Are In General Irregular And Ill ...
Axum
Axum, A Town Of Abyssinia, In The Province Of Tigre, Is Remarkable Only For Its Extensive And Mag Nificent Ruins, From Which May Be Traced Its Ancient Splendour And Importance. In One Square, Which Appears To Have Been The Centre Of The Town, Are Forty Obelisks Of Granite. On The ...
Ayres
Ayres, The Capital Of The Viceroyalty Of Buenos Ayres, Extends Along The South Side Of The Great River La Plata ; And Derives Its Name From The Parti Cular Salubrity Of Its Climate. It Was Originally Founded By Don Pedro De 'mendoza, In 1535, And Called Xuestra Se Nora De ...
Ayrshire
Ayrshire, A Maritime County In The West Of Scotland, Bounded On The South By Wigtonshive And The Stewartry Of Kirkcudbright, On The East By Dumfriesshire And Lanarkshire, On The North By Ren Frewshire, And On The West By The Firth Of Clyde, And The Irish Sea. Its Length Along The ...
B Grey
B. Grey. This, Which Is One Of The Palest Colours, Is A Compound Of White And Black, So That It Forms The Link By Which These Two Colours Are Connected Together, And Is Therefore Placed Between Them. It Occurs Very Fre Quently In The Mineral Kingdom. The Following Arc Its ...
Ba Stile
. Ba Stile. This Name Was Given To The Chief State Prison Of France, Prior To The Revolution In 1792. It Is Derived From Bastir, To Build, Originally Spelt Latin And Is Of The Same Root With The Term Bastion. There Were Many Places Of Strength In Dif Ferent Parts ...
Babel
Babel, A Tower, Built By The Posterity Of Noah After The Flood ; Remarkable For Its Great Height, And For The Disappointment Of The Builders, By The Confu Sion Of Their Language, (getz. Xi:1-9.) The Land Of Shinar, In Which The Posterity Of Noah Settled, Lay Along The River Tigris, ...
Bacchu
Bacchu , The God Of Wine, The Son Of Jupiter And Semele. He Is Represented As Always Young, Crowned With Ivy Or Vine Leaves, And Sometimes With Horns, Hence Called Cnrniger, Holding In His Hand A Thyrsus, Or Spear Bound With Ivy : His Chariot Was Drawn By Tygers, Lions, ...
Bachelor
Bachelor, In Colleges, Is The Title By Which Those Are Distinguished Who Have Obtained The Bacca Laureate, The First Literary Degree. Before The Degree Of Bachelor Of Arts Can Be At Oxford, It Is Necessary To Have Studied There Four Years; Three Years More To Become Master Of Arts; And ...
Bachelor_2
Bachelor, In Its Most General Acceptation, Is Applied To A Man, Who Remains In A State Of Ce Libacy. Almost All Nations Have Regarded Bachelors As A Set Of Delinquents, Who Withhold From The State An Important Part Of Its Due Advantages, And Who Are Therefore Fairly Liable To Peculiar ...
Back Gammon
Back-gammon, The Name Of A Popular And Interesting Game, Played By Two Persons, With A Box And Dice, Upon A Table Divided Into Two Parts, Upon Which There Arc 12 Black And 12 White Points. Each Adversary Has 15 Men, Black And White, To Distinguish Them, Which Are Arranged Thus ...
Bacon
Bacon, Fliancis, Lord \terulam, And Viscount • St Albans, A Philosopher, Whose Writings Form A New Epoch In The History Of Science, Was Born At York-house, London, On The 22d Day Of ,january 1560-1. He Was The Youngest Son Of Sir.nicolas Bacon, By His Second Wife Anne, Daughter Of Sin ...
Bacon Roger
Bacon; Roger, Known Also By The Appellation Of The Admirable Doctor, Was The Greatest Philosopher Of The 13th Century, And, In The Estimation Of Some Respectable Writers, The Brightest Genius Which Mo Dern Europe Ever Produced. He Was Born At Belies Ter, In The Year 1214, And, To The Utmost ...
Bactria
Bactria Was A Kingdom Of Asia, Which, In Ancient Times, Appears To Have Been Distinguished By The Extent Of Its Territories, The Number Of Its Inha Bitants, And The Magnitude Of Its Exploits. But The Glory Which The Bactrians Merited, By The Wisdom Of Their Councils, And The Valour Of ...
Badajoz
Badajoz, The Pax Augusta Of The Romans, Is The Capital Of Spanish Estremadura. The Town Was Formerly Situated On The High Ground Where The Cas Tle Now Stands, And The Splendour And Extent Of Its Buildings Are Still Apparent In The Deserted Churches, And In The Remains Of Roman, Gothic, ...
Baden
Baden, A Margravate Of Germany, In The Circle Of Swabia, Situated On The Eastern Bank Of The Rhine. It Comprehends The Territory Which Lies Between The Rivers Pfinz And Swarzback, And Is Watered By The Ens, The Wurm, The Nagoed, And Several Other Tri Butary Streams Of The Rhine. It ...
Baden_2
Baden, A County Of Swisserland, Lying On Both Sides Of The River Limat. It Is Bounded On The North By The Rhine ; On The East By The Canton Of Zurich ; On The South By The Reuss ; And On The West By The Aar And The Canton Of ...
Bagdad
Bagdad, N City Of Turkey In Asia, And Capi Tal Of The Pachalek Of Bagdad, And Of The Babylonian Or Arabian Irac, Is Situated On The Banks Of The River Tigris, In N. Lat. 33° 22', E. Long. 44° 21', And Was Founded By The Caliph Abu Jaafar Alman Sor, ...
Bagpipe
Bagpipe, The Arxxioos Of The Greeks, And The Tibia Ntricularis Of The Romans, Is A Well Known Musical Instrument, Which Has Erroneously Been Sup Posed Peculiar To Scotland And Ireland. The An Cients, Both Greeks And Romans, However, Were Ac Quainted With It ; And In Many Countries It Is ...
Bahama
Bahama Ist,asos, A Name Given By The Eng Lish To That Cluster Of Small Islands, Rocks, And Reefs Called By The Spaniards Lueayos, Which Stretch, In A North-westerly Direction, From The Northern Coast Of Hispaniola To The Bahama Strait, Opposite The Flo Rida Shore ; A Space Of Near 300 ...
Bahia
Bahia Lies Between The Atlantic Ocean And The River St. Francisco, And Has Minas Geracs South, Alaranham West, And Pernambuco North. It Derives Its Name Front That Of The Great Bay Of Todos Os Santos, Or All Saints Bay, On Which, Or Rather On A Peninsula Between It And The ...
Baikal
Baikal, A Lake Situated In The Government Of Irkutsk In Siberia,%nd, Next To The Caspian Sea, The Largest Expanse Of Water Within The Limits Of The Rus Sian Empire. No Where, Perhaps, Could A Person, Who Should Traverse The Globe, Meet With An Object More Truly Interesting Than The Baikal, ...
Baikal Mountains
Baikal Mountains. These Mountains Follow Nearly The Same Direction With The Lake, Accompanying It On Both Sides From South To North And North-east ; And Flattening On The West Into A Morassy Steppe, Or Plain, Of Prodigious Extent : To The Cast They Stretch From The Source Of The Lena, ...
Bail
Bail, In Law, (from The Fr. Bailer, To Deliver), • Signifies The Security Given For The Defendant's Appear Ance In A Process. Bail Is Given Both In Civil And In Criminal Actions. In Civil Cases, Bail Is Either Common Or Special. Com Mon Bail Is Taken When The Defendant Has ...
Bailiff
Bailiff, (from The Lat. Ballivus ; Fr. Bailiff, I. E. Prafectus Provincice,) Signifies An Officer Ap Pointed For The Administration Of Justice Within A Cer Tain District. The Office, As Well As The Name, Ap Pears To Have Been Derived By Us From The French ; And It Is Probable ...
Bajazet Ii
Bajazet Ii. Was Projecting A Pilgrimage To Mec Ca When He Received Intelligence Of His Advancement To The Throne. His Piety However Was Proof Against The Suggestions Of Worldly Policy, And He Declared That He Would Rather Forfeit The Empire Of The Whole World Than Leave His Vows Unperformed. But ...
Baking
Baking, The Art Of Reducing Meal Or Flour Of Any Kind, Or Any Other Substance, Into Bread. This Art, Simple And Necessary As It May Appear, Does Not Seem To Have Been Discovered Till A Late Period In The History Of Mankind. The Earlier Nations Knew No Other Use Of ...
Balaam
Balaam, A Famous Prophet, Or Soothsayer, Whose History May Be Found In The Book Of Numbers; Particularly In The 22d, 23d, 24th, And 31st Chapters. Referring To The Sacred Record, For All The Particulars Which Are Known Of His Life, We Shall Content Our Selves With Offering A Few Observations, ...
Balaclava
Balaclava, A Seaport Town Of Tartary, For Merly Symbolon And Cembalo, Is Situated On The South Side Of The Crimea. This Town Appears To Have Been Founded By The Greeks, And Afterwards Re: Peopled By The Genoese; But Being Deserted By Them, And Having Fallen Into Ruins, Has Now Reverted ...
Balance
Balance, The Name Of A Simple Machine For Ascertaining The Weight Of Any Body, Or For Finding A Quantity Of Any Substance Equal To A Given The Balance Has Generally Been Arranged Among The Mechanical Powers, But It Is Evidently Only A Particu Lar Species Of The Lever In Which ...
Balasore
Balasore A Species Of The Cotton Manufacture, In Which The Indian Fabric Is Imitated, And The Name Preserved. To Those Who Arc Conversant With The General Manufacture Of Mus Lifts, The Balasore Handkerchief Will Present Little No Velty. The Fabric Is Similar To That Of The Jacconoit Ntuslins, Which Arc ...
Balbec
Balbec, A Town Of Syria, Celebrated For Its Magnificent Ruins. It Is Delightfully Situated At The Foot Of Anti-libanus, In That Part Of The Country Commonly Called Ceelo-syria. The Town Is Sur Rounded By A Wall, Of About Four Miles In Circumfe Rence, According To Pucocke, And The Miserable Ho ...
Baleares Insulie
Baleares Insulie, The Ancient Name The Islands Of Majorca And Minorca, Off The Coast Of Spain, Opposite The Mouth Of The Ebro. Of The Name Of These Islands Various Etymologies Have Been Given ; All Of Them Referring, However, To The Dexterity In Slinging, For Which The Inhabitants Were Particularly ...
Baliol
Baliol, Jotin, King Of Scotland, Is Remark Able Only From His Being The Successful Competitor For The Throne Of That Kingdom, And From His Having Brought His Country To The Lowest Degree Of Humilia Tion. On The Death Of The Maid Of Norway, The Na Tion Was Distracted By The ...
Ballymena
Ballymena, A Neat Thriving Town, Consist Ing Of Four Principal Streets, And Several Smaller Ones, Is Situated Nearly In The Centre Of The County Of An Trim, On The Banks Of A Small Stream, Having Its Source In The Claggan Mountains Which Lie North Of Slennish, End Falling Into The ...
Baltimore
Baltimore, The Principal Town In The Above County, Is The Largest In The State Of Maryland ; And Is Ranked By Morse The Fourth In Size, And In Com Merce The Fifth Town In The United States. Within These Few Years, However, It Has Increased So Rapidly, Both In Trade ...
Balusters
Balusters Are Sometimes Of Real Use, As In Stairs, Windows, Terraces, And On The Sides Of Passages Open On One Or Both Sides. At Other Times They Are Merely Orna Mental, As When Terminating The Upper Part Of The Front Of A Building, As A Screen To Conceal The Whole ...
Banda
Banda Istes, The Name Of A Group Of Asiatic Islands, Called The Spice Or Nutmeg Islands, Lying To The South Of The Island Of Ceram, And To The South-west Of Papua, Or New Guinea. The Islands Comprehended Under This General Name Are, Banda Or Lantor, Neira Or Nera, Puloway, Or ...
Banda Oriental
Banda Oriental, So Called Relatively To Buenos Ayres And Entre Rios, Is Bounded By The Rio De La Plata South, The Uruguay River West, The River Ybicui North, The Rio Yaguaron And The Laguna Merin North-east, And The Atlantic Ocean South East. It Extends From S. Lat. 29° 30' At ...
Bandana Handkerciiiefs
Bandana Handkerciiiefs, A Species Of The East Indian Manufacture Much Admired In Europe, And Fabricated In India Both From Silk And Cotton. The Ground Of These Handkerchiefs Is Commonly Of A -dark Colour, Most Frequently Red, Blue, Or Purple ; And The Pattern Almost Always Consists Of Spots Ge Nerally ...
Banditti
Banditti, From The Italian Bandito, Persons Outlawed. This Term Being In Italy Almost Wholly Appropriated To Those Troops Of Ruffians Who Infest The Highways, And Forming A Distinct Society Of Them Selves, Set The Laws Of Their Country At Defiance, Has Become The General Appellation Of All Similar Gangs In ...
Banff
Banff, (sometimes Written, More Conformably To The Pronunciation, Banify), A Royal Borough, And The Principal Town Of Banffshire, Is Situated On A Rising Ground Near The Influx Of The Doveran Into The Moray Firth. It Is Supposed To Have Derived Its Name From The District Boin, Or Boyn, An Opinion ...
Banffshire
Banffshire, A Maritime County In The North Of Scotland, Bounded On The North By The Moray Firth, On The Cast And South By Aberdeenshire, And On The West By The County Of Moray. The Greater Part Of It Was Formerly Included In The Province Of Moray, The Bounds Of Which ...
Bangor
Bangor, A Small City Of Caernarvonshire, In North Wales, Consisting Of An Irregular Street, Situated On The Banks Of The Deva, In A Narrow Valley, Be Tween Two Low Ridges Of Slate Rock. In The Neigh Bourhood Of Bangor, On The Shore Of The Bay Of Beau Marls, Is The ...
Banians
Banians, The Name Of A Religious Sect In The Dominions Of The Mogul. These People, Believing Firmly In The Transmigration Of Souls, Will, On No Con. Sideration, Kill Any Living Creature, Or Eat Its Flesh ; But, On The Contrary, Will Use Their Utmost Endea. Yours To Release Even The ...