The following list of the principal articles exported from the under-mentioned places to India, and imported into those places from India, is taken from papers printed by order of the House of Commons : The commerce of India is generay considered under two grand heads ; viz. that which is carried on with Eu rope and America, and the " coasting made," or that which is carried on from one part of India tolnother ; and from India to the ports of the Indian islands, China, the Arabian and Persian Gulfs, and the east coast of Africa.
The Indian commerce to Europe is almost entirely car ried on by Great Britain; and, till within these two years, it consisted of the commerce of the East India Company. That which is called the " privilege trade," established by an act of Parliament in the year 1793, by which the Cpmpany were empowered to grant licences to individuals to trade to India; and, lastly, the private trade, or that en.. joyed by the commanders and officers of the Company's ships. Since the trade to India was thrown open, a con. siderable capital and amount of tonnage have been em barked on it by intik 'Ilia's; but the only particular re specting this branch of the trade officially known at pre sent is, that there are employed in it upwards of 180 ves sels, most of which belong to London.
The only foreign nation which partakes largely in the trade to India is the United States of America. The vessels of the American states first appeared in the In dian seas about the year 1785. In 1794, Britain granted to them, by treaty, a right to a direct trade between their own ports, and through British India ; this grant, the troubles in which Europe was involved, and the capture of the settlements of the Dutch, Danes, and French, in India, by the British, contributed extend and confirm the American commerce to this country. According to accounts laid before Congress, the amount of Indian goods landed in the United States, for re-exportation, was, in 1790, 2,000,000 dollars ; and in the year 1800, 39,000,000 dollars. In ten years, ending 1804-5, the Americans ex ported from Bengal goods to the amount of 4,643,575/. or, on an average, 464,3571. per annum ; and imported to the amount of 3,906,068/. or 390,606/. per annum. The fol lowing Table will farther illustrate the trade between America and India.
We shall conclude this chapter with a statement of ships and tonnage arrived at, and departed from, the port of Calcutta ; the ports under the presidencies of Madras ; and the ports of Bombay and Surat. The statement, as it
respects Calcutta, is made up from the 1st of June 1811 to the 30th of April 1812 ; that respecting the other ports, from the 1st of May 1811 to the 30th of April 1812.
In the district of Vizagapatam, there arrived 223 vessels, tonnage, 25,740 : of which 178. tonnage 15,076, were under Asiatic colours ; 12, tonnage 1078, under Burmah colours; 33, tonnage 9595, under English colours. And there de parted 305 vessels, tonnage 33,847 ; of which 257, tonnage 22,644, were under Asiatic colours ; 13, tonnage 1218, un der Burmah ; and 35, tonnage 9985, under English.
In the district of Ingeram, containing the ports of Co ringa, and Coconada, there arrived 131 vessels, tonnage 12,876, of which one, tonnage 80. was under Arab colours ; 124, tonnage 11.961, under Asiatic ; 6, tonnage 835, under English. And there departed 235, tonnage 26,714, of which 2, tonnage 400, were under Arab colours ; 227, ton nage 25,694, under Asiatic ; and 6, tonnage 620, under En glish colours.
In the district of Madepollam, there arrived 4 ships, ton nage 505, underAsiatic colours ; and there departed 2, tonnage 219, of which 1, tonnage 37, was under Asiatic, and 1, tonnage 89, was under English colours.
In the district of .Masulipatani, there arrived 755 vessels, tonnage 31 277, of which 1, tonnage 600, was under Arab colours ; 721, tonnage 22,308, under Asiatic ; 33, tonnage 8369, under English. And there departed 727, tonnage 31,048. of which 2, tonnage t75, were under American co lours ; 1, tonnage 600, under Arab ; 689, tonnage 21,589, under Asiatic ; and 37, tonnage 8859, under English co lou rs.
In the district of N• Ilore and Ongole, there arrived 739 vessels, tonnage 24 948, of which 727 tonnage 21,990, were under Asiatic ; arid 12, tonnage 2958, under English co lours. And there departed 137, tonnage 1909, all of which were under Asiatic colours.
In the district of Cuddalore, there arrived 33 vessels, tonnage 3329, of which 20, tonnage 1718, were under Asia: tic colours ; and 13, tonnage 1611, under English. And there departed 41, tonnage 4066, of which 21, tonnage 1967, were under :'.siatic ; and 20, tonnage 2099, were un der British colours.