ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY. See PSYCHOLOGY OF THE ABNORMAL.
ABO, Yboo, former capital and the oldest city of Finland, now the chief town of the government of Abo-BjOrneborg. It is situated on the Aurayoki River and near the Gulf of Bothnia, 128 miles in a westerly direction from Helsingfors. It was founded by the Swedes in 1157 and remained the capital of Finland until 1819. It contains a fine sarcophagus which was erected in 1865 in memory of the Queen, Catharine Monsdotter, who died in 1512. In one of the suburbs is an old spring in which, according to traditions prevalent among the i people, the Finns were first baptized into Christianity. It is in direct steamship nication with Stockholm, Copenhagen and Petrograd. Its harbor is too shallow to allow shipping of more than 10 feet draught, so large vessels dock at Bornholm, where some 700 ships touch annually. Many Russian warships
have been built in the shipyards near the city, the great Cra7ton works there supplying the Russian fleet with torpedo boats. It has a number of tobacco factories, cotton mills, machine shops, sugar refineries and other industrial plants. The School of Navigation and the School for Deaf-Mutes are notable among its public educa tional institutions, besides which there are a number of gymnasia, a technical institute, a commercial college mid a normal training school. In 1910 the population was 49,691, the people being mixed Finns and Swedes, with the Finns predominating. In 1827 a large portion of the city was destroyed by a conflagration, includ ing the University buildings. Since then the University has been removed to Helsingsfors.