ANGOLA (PORTUGUESE WEST AFRICA), west Africa, a Portuguese dependency on the Atlantic coast. It has a coast-line of over 1,000 miles, is bounded on the north and northeast by the Belgian Kongo, on the east by British South Africa and on the south by German Southwest Africa. It has an area of about 500,000 square miles and has belonged to the Portuguese since 1575, with the exception of the years 1641-48, when it was held by the Dutch. It is watered by the Coanza and other rivers and its climate, though excessively hot, is greatly tempered by the trade-winds. There are large tracts of amazing fertility in the interior. It is under a governor-general, who resides at Loanda. It is divided into six districts: Kongo, Loanda, Benguela, Mossamedes, Huilla and Lunda. The capital is South Paolo de Loanda, other important towns being Cabinda, Arnbriz, Novo Redondo, Benguela, Mossamedes and Port Alexander. The estimated population is about 4,000,000. There are 52 government schools, and seven municipal and two private schools, with altogether about 2,410 pupils. Various missions are at work in the country. The chief products are coffee, rubber, wax, sugar for rum distilleries, vegetable oils, cocoa nuts, ivory, oxen and fish. Rubber supplies are now becoming exhausted; cotton-growing, for merly remunerative, has been neglected but is now increasing; tobacco is grown and manu factured for local consumption; petroleum and asphalt are worked by a British syndicate. The
province contains large quantities of malachite and copper, iron, petroleum and salt. Gold has also been -found. The imports in 1914 reached an aggregate value of $4,171,574 and the ex pOrts $3,477,789. The chief imports are textiles, chiefly cotton prints, hardware, machetes, tools, cutlery, musical instruments and drugs. The chief exports are coffee, rice and tropical fruits. Dried fish are exported in considerable quanti ties. The trade is largely with Portugal, the export trade exclusively. In 1914 there entered the port of Loanda 195 vessels of 293,531 tons and cleared 187 of 270,917 tons. The Portu guese National Navigation Company has most of the carrying trade to and from Europe; the steamers of three British lines and one German line touch at ports of the colony. There are 818 miles of railway in operation and 2,688 miles of telegraph line with 69 telegraph offices. Angola is connected by cable with east, west and south African telegraph systems.