ANNENSKI, Nikolai Feodarovich, i-nen'ske, Russian publicist and social worker: b. 1843. He spent his childhood in Siberia, where his father was engaged in military serv ice. He took the degree of bachelor of law at the University of Saint Petersburg in 1867 and the bachelor's degree in history and philology in 1873. In 1867 he entered the civil service, talc ing first a position in the office of the state comptroller and later (1873) in the statistical department of the Ministry of Ways and Means. At the same time he was active as a writer. He contributed articles, mainly on finance and economics, to Oteckestrennuiya Zapiski, Dielo, Zhurnal of the Ministry of Ways and Means, and the newspaper Russkaya Pravda. His articles in the Dielo entitled
that time he contributed to Volzkki Vyestnik, Russkoye Slovo and other journals. In 1895 he returned to Saint Petersburg, where he became head statistician of the Municipal Court. He was then also connected with the editorial depart ment of Russkoye Bogatstvo and since 1904 has been its director-in-chief. He also wrote for the Free • Economical Society. He was . inter ested in politics and directed protests against the oppressions of the government. He was exiled from Saint Petersburg in 1901 and again in 1904. In the autumn of the same year he re turned to Saint Petersburg and continued his political activities as a director of the Emancipa tion League. In 1905 he was again arrested as one of the deputies of the Writers' League of Saint Petersburg sent to Minister Witte with the request to avert an expected bloodshed. In 1906 he became one of the founders of the People's Socialistic party (Narodno-Sotzialisticheskaya Partiya).