CHART METHOD.--.. A method for computing theweight required for holding down the cope and core against the raising effort of the head of flowing metal. It consists in drawing to scale the outline of the form and size of the lifting surface, and the height of the fluid head, and com puting from the figure thus obtained, the cubical contents which multiplied by the decimal .26 gives the data for the necessary weight.
Quits.— Metallic molds into which mixed molten iron is poured for the production of chilled or surface hardened castings. They are made of a quality of iron Of sufficient strength and ductility to allow for the alternate expansion and contraction to which they are subjected. otherwise they would not last longer than one heat. Chills used for casting chilled-rolls are made in sections. " Con tracting-chins casting are used for casting chilled car wheels, and are so constructed that as the metal of the wheel cools anti contracts, the chills close in and keep in constant contact with it.
or Cots ezn.— The first layer of coke placed in a cupola previous to the introduction of the iron. Its weight bears a definite relation to that of the iron, but varies with the condition of the furnace. The term " cinder-bed " is also applied to the beds of cinders some times placed under the molds and with which the yenta are =meted.
The weighting down of the cope of a closed mold preparatory to " pouring" to prevent its raising by I the lifting force of the metal. It is accomplished by means of various forms of clamps and weights, the latter con sisting usually of pig iron piled on the cope, or cast-iron bars ranging from 1,000 to 2.000 pounds in weight, which are hoisted Into position by a crane.