FAWKES, filo, Guy, English conspira tor: b. York, England, 1570; d. Westminster, 31 Jan. 1606. He was of Protestant parentage and brought up in that faith, but under the in fluence of his stepfather, Dionis Baynbrigge, be came a Roman Catholic. He enlisted in the Spanish army in the Netherlands in 1593, and was present at the capture of Calais in 1595. Of a fearless and intrepid temper, he became involved in conspiracies with Catesley and others. He returned to England with Winter, one of the conspirators, in 1604. after agreeing to assist in the Gunpowder Plot (q.v.). He passed under the name of Johnson, as servant to Thomas Percy, another conspirator, and was placed to lodge in the house next to the Parlia ment House. After collecting the necessary combustibles, Fawkes worked his way into the coal cellar under the House of Lords, and after storing it with gunpowder, etc., was appointed to the dangerous duty of firing the mine. The government having had timely information of the detestable plot, the House of Lords and its cellar were searched, and Fawkes found secreted amid some casks of gunpowder, 4 Nov. 1605. At midnight (5 November) the authorities returned and arrested Fawkes. He suffered death at Westminster with three of his fellow conspira tors. The anniversary of the discovery of the plot, 'Guy Fawkes Day,' was long commemo rated, when his effigy was burnt. Consult 'The Gunpowder Plot' (1679) ; Gardiner, 'What the Gunpowder Plot Was) (1897) ; and Howell's 'State Trials' (1809-28).
FAY, fi or fay, Andreas, Hungarian author : b. Kohany, Zemplin, Hungary, 30 May 1786; d. Budapest, 26 July 1864. Till the appearance of Kossuth on the scene (1840) he was the fore most leader at Budapest of the Opposition party; thereafter he took no considerable part in poli tics, but promoted many important national en terprises. His volume of poems, 'New Garland' (1818), established his fame as a poet, but his admirable prose 'Fables' (1820) attained a far wider popularity. Among his dramatic works are the tragedy, 'The Two Bathorys) (1827) ; and several comedies, the most notable being 'The Old Coins; or the Transylvanians in Hun gary' (1824), and 'The Hunt in the Matra' (1860). His social novel, 'The House of the Beltekys) (1832) ; (Dr. Javor and his Servant Ambrose) (1855), and a number of short stories, entitles him to a place among the great masters of Hungarian prose.
FAY, fa, Charles Alexandre, French mili tary officer: b. Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port, 1827. He received his education at the military school of Saint-Cyr and at the General Staff school. He first saw active service in Africa and in the Crimean War served as aide-de-camp to General Bosquet, winning distinction at the battles of Alma and Inkerman. In 1870 he was a member of Bazaine's staff and was made prisoner at Metz. He was appointed brigadier-general in 1874 and charged with reorganizing the bureau of the general staff. In 1890 he was given com mand of an army corps and retired in 1892. His published works include 'Souvenirs de la guerre de Crimee) (1867) ; 'Etude sur la gucrre d'Allemagne en 1866' (1867) ; ‘De la loi mili taire) (1870) ; 'journal d'un officier de l'artnee du Rhin' (1871; 5th ed., 1890) ; 'Etudes de
marches: Jena, Sedan' (1899).
FAY, Charles Ernest, American educator and alpinist: b. Roxbury, Mass., 10 March 1846. He was graduated from Tufts College in 1868 and has been professor of modern languages there since 1871. A founder of the Modern Language Association of America and of the New England Modern Language Association, also of the New England Association of Colleges and Preparatory Schools (1885) of which he was president 1888-89. In American moun taineering he has held a prominent place, taking part in the founding of the Appalachian Moun tain Club (1876) and the American Alpine Club (1902), both of which he has served as president. He has also edited their publications Appalachia and Alpina Americana, furnishing numerous articles for the former and richly illustrated monograph 'The Rocky Mountains of Canada) for the latter. He counts among the pioneers in the exploration of the Alpine regions of the Dominion. His activity in these fields has been recognized abroad by his election as an honorary member of the English, Italian and Canadian Alpine Clubs. He is a frequent lecturer on literary and geographical subjects.
FAY, Edwin Whitefield, American edu cator: b. Minden, La., 1 Jan. 1865. He was graduated at the Southwestern Presbyterian University in 1883, received the degree of D.Ph. at Johns Hopkins in 1890, and studied at Leipzig in 1891-92. In 1890-91 he was in structor in Sanskrit and classics at the Univer sity of Michigan, in 1892-93 he was acting asso ciate professor of Latin at the University of Texas, in 1893-99 professor of Latin at Wash ington and Lee, and since 1899 professor of Latin at the University of Texas.
FAY, fi, Joseph, German painter: b. Co logne, 10 Aug. 1815; d. Dusseldorf, 27 July 1875. His art education began in the Dfissel dorf Academy and was continued in Paris where he turned his attention to historical painting. His first picture 'Samson and Delilah,' was exhibited in his 27th year. He painted a series of frescoes in the Council Chamber at Elberfeld, in which was portrayed the history of Germany from the destruction of the Varian legions. His fertile pencil produced among other pictures ; 'Romeo and ; 'Gretchen.' He later on paid some atten tion to genre, depicting scenes in Italian life, rem iniscences of travel in the peninsula. Felicitous conception, brilliant coloring and dextrous brush work are conspicuous in his productions.
FAY, Theodore Sedgwick, American writer: b. New York, 10 Feb. 1807; d. Berlin, Germany, 17 Nov. 1898. He was eminent in periodical journalism for years. To this period belongs his book 'Dreams and Reveries of a Quiet Man) (1832). He served with ability in the United States diplomatic service, first as secretary of the legation at Berlin (1837-53), and then (1853-61) as Minister at Berne, Switzerland; and wrote 'Norman Leslie) (1835) ; and 'The Countess Ida) (1841), tales; (1851), a poem ; 'Views of Christianity) (1856) ; 'The Three Germanys) (1889) ; 'Great Outlines of ; 'History of Switzerland,' etc. After 1861 he lived in Berlin.