FOUILLEE,
Alfred Jules Emile, French philosopher and sociologist: b. La Poureze, department of Maine-et-Loire, 18 Oct. 1838; d. Lyons, 16 July 1912. He was to all in tents and purposes self-educated, as he never had attended a university. From 1864 to 1868 he taught in obscure provincial schools, and in 1869 received an appointment at the Bordeaux Lycee. Here he founded his reputation as a teacher of philosophy. In 1872 he was ap pointed to the chair of philosophy at the Ecole Normale Superieure at Paris. His eyes and health failed him in 1875 and he gave up teaching for writing. He wrote several works on philosophy in the narrower sense on Socrates, Plato, on the problem of free-will and determinism, between which he tried to mediate, on idealism, positivism, anti-intel lectualism, Nietzsche and Kant. One of his best-known books is his
he synthetizes the views of the basis of law as farce, as equity and as utility. An analogous weighing of antithetic claims characterizes 'La prqpriete sociale et la democratic.' In