GARLAND, Hamlin, American lecturer and novelist : b. near West Salem, Wis., 16 Sept. 1860. When about 16 he became a pupil at the Cedar Valley Seminary, Osage, Iowa, though working as usual on the farm during six months of the year. He was graduated in 1881 from this school and for a year tramped through the Eastern States. He farmed and taught in Illi nois and Dakota, went to Boston in .1884, in tending to further qualify himself for teaching. He became a pupil and later an instructor in the Boston School of Oratory. During 1885— 89 he taught classes in English and American literature and lectured on Browning, Shakes peare, The Drama, etc. In 1893 he took up residence in his native village of West Salem. Here he has resided ever since. A part of each year, however, is spent by the author in moun tain traveling. His first book was 'Main-Trav eled Roads' (1890), frankly realistic fiction. Somewhat similar in character are 'A Spoil of Office' (1892) ; 'Prairie Folks' (1893) ; Little Norsk' (1891) ; 'Rose of Dutcher's Coolly' (1895). Other works are 'Jason Ed
wards' (1891) ; 'A Member of the Third House' (1892) ; 'Wayside Courtships' (1897) ; 'Her Mountain Lover' (1901). He has also written a volume of criticism entitled 'Crumb ling Idols' (1894) ; 'Prairie Songs' (1894), a volume.of verse; 'Ulysses Grant: His Life and Character' (1898) ; 'The Eagle's Heart> (1900) ; 'The Captain of the Gray Horse Troop' (1902) ; (Hesper> (1903) ; 'The Light of the Star' (1904) ; 'The Tyranny of the Dark' (1905) ; 'Victor Olnee's Discipline> (1911) ; 'Forester's Daughter' (1914). He is vice-president of the National Institute of Arts and Letters, a member of the Players' Club and the originator and first president of the Cliff Dwellers, the leading artistic and literary club of the West. He is a persistent advocate of national character in fiction and in music.