Monuments, etc.— In George Square are statues of Queen Victoria, Prince Albert, James Watt, Lord Clyde, Robert Burns, Dr. Living stone, Sir John Moore, Mr. Gladstone, and others, and in the centre a tall fluted Doric col umn surmounted by a statue of Sir Walter Scott. An equestrian statue of King William III stands near Glasgow Cross, a similar statue of the Duke of Wellington is•placed in front of the Royal Exchange in Queen street, an obelisk to Nelson and the highly ornamental Doulton fountain are conspicuous in Glasgow Green, John Knox has a tall monument in the Necropolis, and a memorial pillar is erected on the site of the battle of Langside, where Queen Mary's chance of regaining the crown was finally lost.
Buildings.— The oldest as well as the most interesting and picturesque building is the cathedral, erected piecemeal in and between the 12th and 16th centuries, mainly in the early English style but marked by individuality. It contains nave, aisles, transepts, choir and crypt or lower church with chapter-house and Lady chapel. Length of building 319 feet; breadth 63 feet; height of nave 90 feet and of choir 85 feet; height of central spire from floor of nave 217 feet. Two western towers were, under what is now regarded as a grievous error of judgment, removed in 1846 and 1848 respec tively. In the vicinity of the cathedral were the residences or manses of the 32 canons, all of which buildings have now disappeared with the exception of the manse which was occupied by the prebendary of Provan. This pre-Ref ormation dwelling, the oldest in Glasgow, is still occupied. The cathedral belongs to and is maintained by the Crown, but the choir is used as one of the 10 city churches belonging to the municipal corporation, and the latter keep up the fittings connected with the religious services. Several of the other churches, be longing to different denominations, are of high architectural merit. Among other conspicuous buildings are those of the university, occupying about four acres of elevated ground, overlook ing Kelvingrove Park. Consisting of an oblong rectangular pile, in the Collegiate Gothic style of the 14th century, and having a tower and open work spire about 300 feet high, the new premises were opened in 1870, replacing the old college which stood in High street on a site obtained shortly after the foundation of the original 'Pedagogy" in 1451. At a short dis tance, on the opposite side of the river Kelvin, is the United Free Church College, built in the Italian style, with a high tower; and still nearer to the college, within the bounds of the park the new art galleries have been erected.
Saint Andrew's Halls, for concerts and other public gatherings, were erected by private en terprise but were acquired in 1890 by the cor poration who used the adjoining ground as the site of the new Mitchell Library which was opened in 1911. Besides the older city hall in Candleriggs street, the corporation pos sess other halls throughout the city for the accommodation of the respective districts. The city chambers, in the Italian Renaissance, style of architecture, and occupying the whole of the east side of George square, with a central tower 216 feet high, were erected under the authority of an act of Parliament obtained in 1878 and were formally opened by Queen Victoria in 1888 though not occupied till the following year. Cost of site, buildings and fur nishings about. $2,756,000. Also abutting on George square are the general post office, the Bank of Scotland and the Merchant's House; and a few paces off, in George street, is the Glasgow and West of Scotland Technical Col lege. Of other buildings throughout the city may be noted the Royal Exchange, in the Corinthian style, surrounded by a circular clock tower; the Stock Exchange, in the By zantine style the Athenxum buildings, the Deaf and Dumb Institution, the Christian Institute, the Royal Infirmary and the Western and Victoria infirmaries, the hotels connected with Saint Enoch's Station and Central Station and the hall belonging to the Faculty of Procurators.
Libraries.— The principal libraries are (1) the University Library (founded in the 15th century q.v. Glasgow University) ; (2) public libraries administered by the corporation, com prising the Mitchell Library (largest public reference library in Scotland) over 200,000 volumes, with 16 district libraries (for defray ing cost of which Mr. Andrew Carnegie gave $500,000) each 8,000 to 17,000 volumes ; (3) Stirling's Library (established 1792) 50,000 volumes; (4) Baillie's Institution Library; (5) United Free Church College Library; (6) Libraries of Faculty of Physicians and Sur geons, Faculty of Procurators, Glasgow Athe nwum and Royal Philosophical Society. There are also numerous libraries in connection with scientific and other societies, churches. etc.