Art Galleries.—The corporation may be said to have begun its collection of works of art in 1670 when portraits of Kings Charles and II were ordered from London. Portraits of other sovereigns were subsequently pro cured and were hung in the Council Hall ; but it was not till about the year 1856, when the town council acquired the exhibition galleries and pictures which had belonged to Baillie Archibald M'Lellan, that the gallery and museum enterprise in Glasgow took definite shape. In consequence of many munificent donations and of judicious purchases, the col lection became more and more valuable and rapidly increased, necessitating the finding of additional accommodation. This object was obtained when the new art galleries in Kelvin grove Park were occupied in 1902. Cost of construction $1,279,700. Branch art galleries have also been opened at the People's Palace on Glasgow Green (cost of construction, in eluding Winter Garden, $83,375) and at Camp hill in the Queen's Park. Glasgow is now famous as an art centre, and has given its name to the Glasgow School of Painting.
Churches of the various de nominations are well represented, those of the Presbyterian order preponderating, but there are numerous places of worship belonging to the Episcopal Church of Scotland, the Roman Catholic and other churches.
Educational The principal educational institutions are the university al ready referred to, Saint Mungo's College, the Glasgow and West of Scotland Technical Col lege (including Anderson's College Medical School and Allan Glen's School) ; the Union Free College (for divinity students) ; Queen Margaret's College for women, connected with the university; the Glasgow Athenaeum, the Glasgow School of Art, the Veterinary College, the West of Scotland Agricultural College, the Training Colleges for Teachers in connection with the Church of Scotland and the United Free Church, the Glasgow Academy and the Kelvinside Academy, the high school and others under the school, board, with several educational establishments conducted by pri vate enterprise.
Charitable Besides the three infirmaries already mentioned, Glasgow has an Eye Infirmary, the Royal Hospital for Sick Children, the Glasgow Samaritan Hospital for Women, the Glasgow Maternity Hospital, the Royal Asylum for the Blind, the Glasgow In stitution for the Deaf and Dumb, the Glasgow Royal Asylum at Gartnavel, several minor hos pitals and dispensaries, nursing institutions and convalescent homes.
Public The water supply of Glas gow was originally derived from the nearest streams and wells, and when these sources be came insufficient water companies were formed for bringing in supplies by gravitation works and pipes. In 1855 the corporation acquired
the works of these companies, at the same time obtaining statutory authority to bring water from Loch Katrine, 341/2 miles north of Glas gow. Amount of capital expenditure on water supply to 31 May 1913, $22,513,340. Consump tion per head (population of supply area 1,104,000) per day 41 gallons for domestic pur poses and 241/2 gallons for trade and public purposes. The gas supply, formerly in the hands of private companies, was taken over by the corporation in 1869. There are 1,048 miles of mains, and the number of consumers, 286,883. Street lighting and the lighting of common stairs, together with street cleaning, the fire brigade and all matters relating to pub lic health, including the management of fever hospitals, are under the charge of the police department. In 1890 the corporation obtained statutory authority to supply electricity, and the necessary works having been put in opera tion, the streets arc now lighted by that means, and the demand by the public both for lighting supply and motive power has been large and always on the increase. The total cost of the electricity works up to 31 May 1913 was about $13,923,042; there were 27,848 private consum ers and 1,649 public lamps. In 1900 the cor poration obtained from the Postmaster-General license to construct and work a telephone ex change over the Glasgow telephone area, cov ering about 1/3 square miles. A telephone de partment was forthwith organized; but after being in operation for some years, the under taking was . transferred to the Postmaster General in 1906. Markets, slaughter-houses and foreign animals' wharves are managed by the corporation, under a series of acts of Parlia ment, the earliest of which was passed in 1845. The corporation likewise administers the Weights and Measures Acts and manages several model lodging-houses, baths and wash-houses, an Inebriates Reformatory (situated in Ayr shire) and a labor bureau. The navigation of the river Clyde was in the hands of the cor poration, exclusively, till 1825, when it was vested in a body of trustees under a constitu tion which has since been altered from time to time. There are about 30 miles of main sewers, and the area drained is 411/2 miles in extent. The scheme is, with the exception of that of the London county council, the largest in the world for the treatment and disposal of sewage.