HYATT, Alpheus, American naturalist: it Washington, D. C., 5 April 1838; d. Cambridge, Mass., 15 Jan. 1902. He was graduated from the Lawizince Scientific School at Harvard in 1862, then entered the army and served during the war: ih the 47th Massachusetts regiment, being promoted to the rank of captain. After leaving the: army, he resumed his studies under the instruction of Agassiz, and later studied abroad. In 1867 he went to Salem, where he was one of the founders of the Peabody Academy of Sciences and one of the curators of the Essex Institute. In 1870 he was made custodian of the collections of the Boston Society of Natural History, becoming curator in 1881. He was also professor of biology and zoology from 1877 to 1902 at Boston University; was organizer and manager of the - Teacher's School of Science (1870-1902); had charge of a summer labora tory of marine Zoology founded by the Women's Educational Society at Annisquam, which was later moved to Woods Hole where its work was greatly expanded with Hyatt as president of the bqard of trustees; he was also for 18 years, professor of zoology and palaeontology at. the 'Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In his later life he had charge of invertebrate fossils in the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge. He was a member of the Amer ican Academy of Arts and Sciences, of the American Philosophical Society, of the Geo logical Society of London, of the National Academy of Sciences and of the American So ciety of Naturalists, He was one of the founders of the last mentioned society and its first president (1883) ; he was also one of the founders and, from 1868-71, editor of the America?, Naturalist. Ile held the honorary degree of LL.D. from Brown University. His most distinctive work was the investigation of the development of the fossil Cephalopods and of the fossil and semi-fossil Planorbis on Stein heim Lake, Germany, from which investigations he deduced laws of growth very important to the evolutionary theory. He was also especially
successful as a teacher of science teachers. His interests were broad and he was a member of that remarkable coterie of intellects which adorned Boston in the latter part of the 19th century, including Longfellow, Emerson, Holmes, James and others. His works include 'Observations on Polyzoa' (1866) ; Cephalopods of the Museum of Comparative Zoology' (1872) ; 'Revision of North American Poriferc' (1875-77), the only work on North American commercial sponges; 'Genesis of Tertiary Species of Planorbis at Steinheim' (1880) ; 'Genera of Fossil Cephalopoda' (1883); 'Larval Theory of the Origin of Cellu lar Tissue' (1884) ; 'Genesis of the Aretidx) (1889)• 'Carboniferous Cephalopods' (1891 93) ; 'Bioplastology and the Related Branches of Biologic Research' (1893) ; (Phylogeny of an Acquired Characteristic' (1894) ; 'Pseudo cerabites of the Cretaceous' (1903); 'The Triassic Cephalopod Genera of (1905). All of these were published in scien tific journals or as part of official scientific reports. as were also many other shorter papers on similar subjects. A full bibliography will be found attached to the memoir by W. K. Brooks, 'Alpheus Hyatt' (in National Academy of Sciences, Biographical Memoirs, Vol. VI, p. 311, Washington 1909). Consult also Anon., 'Memorial of Professor A. Hyatt' (in Boston Society of Natural History, Proceedings, Vol. XXX, p. 413, Boston 1902) ; Jackson, R. T., 'A. Hyatt and his Principles of Research' (in American Naturalist, Vol. XLVII, p. 195, Lan caster 1913) ; Mayer, A. G., 'Alpheus Hyatt' (in Popular Science Monthly, Vol. LXXVIII, p. 129, New York 1911); Packard, A. S., 'Alpheus Hyatt' (in American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Proceedings, Vol. X X X VI I I, p. 715, Boston 1903); Zirngiebel, F., 'Teachers' School of Science' (in Popular Science Monthly, Vol. LV, p. 451, New York 1899).