JEWEL, John, English bishop: b. Bude, Devonshire, 24 May 1522; d. Moncton Parleigh, near Laycock, Wiltshire, 23 Sept. 1571. He was educated at Merton and Corpus Christi Col leges, Oxford, and was elected a fellow of Cor pus Christi in 1542. He was greatly influenced by the teachings of John Parkhurst, later bishop of Norwich, and he was a follower of Peter Martyr. He is known to have been a licensed preacher in 1551 and he had made a consider able reputation as a teacher. Upon the acces sion of Mary in 1553 all those suspected of Protestant leanings were weeded out of Ox ford and Jewel was deprived of his fellowship. He made his way to the Continent, reaching Frankfort in 1555. He was associated with Coxe in his controversy with Knox, and later joined Peter Martyr of Strasshurg, with him visiting Zurich and Padua. He returned to England on the accession of Elizabeth and was one of the Protestant clergymen selected as a disputant at the Westminster conference with the Romanists in 1559. He was consecrated bishop of Salisbury 21 Jan. 1560, and became recognized as the literary apologist of the Elizabethan settlement. He engaged in a con troversy concerning the case of the Church of England as against that of Rome, first with Cole and later with the more formidable Harding. His 'Apologia ecclesim AnglicanW (1562) was stated by Bishop Creighton to he the °first methodical statement on the subject* and to °form the groundwork of all subsequent con troversy.* Harding published a bitter
(1564), and Jewel followed with a 'Reply' (1565). Later developments were Harding's 'Confutation' and Jewel's 'Defence.' Jewel's theology was officially endorsed and enjoined upon the Church by Archbishop Bancroft in the Reign of James I. The was condemned by the Council of Trent but its English translation was chained to the lectern hi all Anglican churches by the order of Ban croft. His collected works were published un der the direction of Archbishop Bancroft (1609) ; Cambridge (4 vols., 1845-50) ; Oxford (8 vols., 1848). Consult Le Bas, of Bishop Jewel' (London 1835).
or popular names for two plants, Impatiens pallida and I. biflora, of the family I'npafiensaeee, well known in damp shady places throughout the cooler parts of North America, where they form dense masses. They are characterized by sac-like, pendulous, yellow or orange, more or less spotted flowers, and by their sensitive seed pods which when mature burst with the slightest touch and throw the seeds to a considerable distance. Hence the second and third names above. The first name is probably a survival of their use as antidotes for so-called Rhus poisoning.