LONDON, Treaty of (1915). A secret agreement concluded between Italy, France, Great Britain and Russia on 26 April and finally signed on 9 May 1915, declaring the terms un der which Italy agreed to enter the war on the side of the Entente Allies. °By the future treaty of peace° Italy was to receive the Tren tino, the whole of Southern Tyrol, as far as its natural and geographical frontier, the Bren ner Pass; the city of Trieste and its surround ings, the county of Gorizia and Gradisca, the whole of Istria as far as the Quarnero, in cluding Volosca and the Istrian Islands, Cherso and Lussin, as also the lesser islands of Play nik, Unia, Canidoli, Palazzuola, S. Pietro Nerovio, Asinello and Gruica, with their neigh boring islets. The province of Dalmatia 'in its present extent° was also stipulated to be come Italian, as well as all the islands north and west of the Dalmatian coast. Two sections of the Montenegrin coast were to be neutral ized, while certain districts on the Adriatic were to be included in the territory of Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro (Jugoslavia). The port of Durazzo was to be assigned to "the independent Mohammedan state of Albania,* of which Italy was to conduct the foreign re lations. In Libya, Africa, Italy obtained recog
nition of all the rights and prerogatives re served to the Sultan by the treaty of Lausanne. In the event of an extension of French and British colonial possessions in Africa at the expense of Germany, the right of Italy would be recognized to demand certain tions in territories bordering on French and British colonies. The contracting parties agreed that the Mohammendan holy places were to.be left in the possession of an independent Mohammedan state. The Holy See was not to be permitted to intervene by diplomatic action in regard to peace or questions arising from the war. Finally, Great Britain undertook to provide Italy with a loan of f50,000,000 ($250, 000,000) on favorable conditions, and Italy agreed to enter the war within one month from the signing of this treaty, the terms of which were to be kept secret.
The treaty was first made public by order of the Bolsheviki Foreign Minister Trotzky in November 1917 as a protest against °secret diplomacy.° See WAR, EUROPEAN.