LONGSMANS, London publishers for many years identified with high-class literature. Thomas Longman (1699-1755) was apprenticed to John Osborne, bookseller, Lombard street. Longman bought the business of William Tay lor, publisher of 'Robinson Crusoe,' conducted Paternoster aternoster Row, whence he moved in 1726 to the present site. Longman was a share holder in many important publications, such as Boyle's 'Works,' Ainsworth's 'Latin Diction ary,' Chambers' 'Cyclopedia) and Johnson's 'Dictionary.' His nephew and successor, Thomas Longman (1730-97), published a new edition of Chambers. With Thomas Norton Longman (1771-1842) the firm reached a high degree of literary and commercial prosperity. Lindley Murray's 'Grammar' was published and proved valuable, while the firm had literary connection with Wordsworth, Southey, Cole ridge, Scott, Moore (to whom it paid f3,000 for 'Lana Rookh), Sydney Smith and other leading authors. In 1826 the Edinburgh Re view became the property of Longmans. The next important members of the firm were Thomas Longman (1804-79), the eldest son of T. N. Longman who issued a beautifully illus trated New Testament, and William Longman (1813-77)* the third son, who wrote (Lectures on the History of England' (1859); (History of the Life and Times of Edward HP (1869); and
were the publication in succession of Macau lay's (Lays of Ancient Rome' (1842); (Es says' (1843); and
The famous check for f20,000 paid to Macaulay as his share of the profits of the third and fourth volumes for the first few months (1855) is still pre served. The partners of the fifth generation were Thomas Norton Longman and George Henry Longman, sons of Thomas Longman, and Charles James Longman and H. H. Long man, sons of William Longman. One of the earliest ventures of this time was Disraeli's