MACDONALD, Sni Hector, British gen eral: b. Urquhart, Scotland, 13 April 1853; d. Paris, France, 25 March 1903. In 1870 he en listed and served in the ranks nine years. He first saw active service in the Second Afghan War in 1879, was with Sir F. 'Roberts in the march from Candahar to Cabul, and for bril liant service was made 2d lieutenant. He served in the Boer War of 1881 and was cap tured at Majuba Hill. He was conspicuous in the Suakim campaign of 1888-91; was at the capture of Tokar in 1891; in 1896 commanded a brigade in the Dongola campaign; served in the Nile expedition of 1897-98, and by his adroit handling of his troops at the battle of Omdu ram turned what might have proved disaster into victory. In 1899 he held the rank of brig adier-general in India, and after the battle of Magersfontein succeeded to the command of the Highland Brigade. He was made KC.B. and in 1902 was placed in command at Ceylon, but the following year while traveling back to England to answer a charge, subsequently found to be false, he committed suicide in Paris. He was popularly known as ((Fighting Mac," and a tower 100 feet high at Dingwall, since 1907, commemorates his brilliant career. Consult Coates, T. F. G., "Hector Macdonald' (London 1900).
MacDONALD, SIR Hugh John, Canadian statesman, son of Sir John A. MacDonald (q.v.) : b. Middlesex County, Ontario, 13 March 1850. He was educated at Queen's College and at the University of Toronto, became a barris ter in 1872, practising in Toronto until 1882, when he removed to Winnipeg. He was a member of the Canadian House of Commons in 1891-93 and in 1896-97, and in 1896 was Min ister of the Interior. He was Premier and At torney-General of Manitoba in 1900. Since 1911 he has been police magistrate of the city of Winnipeg and he has also served as Commis sioner and Commissioner of Railways in Mani toba. He served in the Fenian Raid of 1866; the Red River Expedition of 1870i and in the Northwest Rebellion he was captain of the 19th Regiment. He was knighted in 1913.
MacDONALD, Hunter, American civil engineer : b. Winchester, Va., 12 June 1860. He studied at the Washington and Lee Univer sity and in 1879 became assistant engineer for the Louisville and Nashville Railroad. Later
in 1879 he became connected with the Nash ville, Chattanooga and Saint Louis Railroad, and in 1891-92 he was resident engineer for the Western and Atlantic Railroad at Atlanta, Ga. Since 1892 he has been chief engineer of the Nashville, Chattanooga and Saint Louis Rail road. He was president of the American Rail road Engineering Association in 1904-05 and of the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1914.
McDONALD, James, American physician: b. White Plains, N. Y., 18 July 1803; d. Flush ing, L. I., 5 May 1849. He was graduated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, in 1825, and was appointed resident phy sician at Bloomingdale Asylum, where he re mained until 1837 with the exception of a year's absence in 1831 when he was sent by the New York hospital governors to visit insane asylums in Europe. He was appointed visiting physician to the New York Hospital in 1837, and in 1841 he established a private insane asylum at Murray Hill, subsequently removing it to Flushing, L. I. He began in 1842 his lec tures on menial diseases at the College of Phy sicians and Surgeons, the first to be delivered in the United States. Author of 'Reports on the Condition of Blackwell's Island' (1835) ; 'Con struction and Management of Insane Hospitals' (1837); 'Puerperal Insanity' (1845).
McDONALD, James, Canadian statesman and jurist: b. East River, Nova Scotia, 1 July 1828; d. 1912. He was educated at New Glas gow, was admitted to the bar in 1851 and be came queen's counsel in 1867. He served in the legislature of Nova Scotia in 1859-67 and in 1871-72, when he resigned; and was a mem ber of the Canadian Parliament in 1874-81. He was chief railway commissioner for Nova Scotia in 1863-64, and financial secretary from 1864 until the union. He was Minister of Jus tice of Nova Scotia in 1878-81, and chief jus tice in 1881-1904, when he was retired. He was a member of the commission appointed to facil itate trade relations between Canada and Cen tral and South America in 1865-66.