MIDDLEBURG, Aldie and Upperville, Cavalry Engagements at. On 16 June 1863 Genera! Stuart, with three brigades of his cavalry division, moved north from the Rappahannock to screen the movement of the Confederate army toward the Potomac. Stuart's orders were to keep along the eastern base of the Blue Ridge, occupy the passes of Bull Run Mountain, and cover the front of Longstreet's corps. On the 17th Fitzhugh Lee's brigade, under Colonel Munford, was sent from Piedmont, by way of Middleburg, to Aldie, to hold the gap in the mountain as a screen to Longstreet's movements, while W. H. F. Lee's brigade reconnoitred toward Thoroughfare Gap. Robertson's brigade was posted at Rectortown. Stuart, with his staff and a few pickets, made his headquarters at Middleburg. General Pleas onton was near Manassas Junction and scout ing in the direction of Bull Run Mountain, and at 2.30 P.M. of the 17th Kilpatrick's brigade of cavalry ran into Munford's pickets, driving them back to Aldie, where, west of the village, he found Munford strongly posted on a hill covering the road to Snicker's Gap. A severe engagement ensued, lasting until dark, when Munford withdrew toward Middleburg, under orders from Stuart, who had been attacked. The Union loss was 50 killed, 131 wounded and 124 missing. Munford's loss was 119 killed, wounded and missing. While Kilpatrick was engaged at Aldie Colonel Duffle, with the First Rhode Island Cavalry 300 strong, having passed through Hopewell Gap, reached Middleburg about 4 P.M., drove in Stdares pickets, and cupied the town, Stuart narrowly escaping to Rector's Cross Roads, and sending orders for Munford to withdraw from Aldie, the other two brigades to move upon Middleburg, and all to concentrate against Duffle. Robertson's brigade arrived at 7 P.M. and attacked Duffle, who made a good fight behind stone walls and barricades, repelling several assaults; but was finally driven from town, with severe loss, and compelled to retreat by the road upon which he had come until he had crossed Little River, where he halted, and where during the night he was entirely surrounded by W. H. F. Lee's brigade. Duffle endeavored to cut his way out, but was met by heavy fire, and a great part of his command captured, Duffle escaping with a few men and making his way back to Hopewell Gap and Centreville. His total loss, killed, wounded and prisoners, was over 200. On the 18th Stuart took position outside of burg with Robertson's brigade. Munford was on the left at Union and Jones' brigade was ordered up as a reserve. Pleasonton moved forward with all his available force, and cupied Middleburg and Philemont on the road to Snicker's Gap. On the 19th Gregg, with two brigades of his own division and one of Buford's, advanced and steadily drove Stuart in the direction of Upperville, losing 99 in killed, wounded and missing. During the day Hooker
advanced and occupied Aldie Gap with try. On the 20th Stuart concentrated his five brigades about three miles west of Middleburg. Pleasonton remaining at Middleburg. On the morning of the 21st Pleasonton moved out of Middleburg, Buford's division by the road through Union, to turn Stuart's left, Gregg's division, supported by Vincent's infantry gade on the main road to Upperville. Buford encountered W. H. F. Lee's and Jones' brigades and drove them back, and Gregg met ton's and Robertson's brigades, driving them steadily to Goose Creek, where they remained several hours, when they again fell back to effect a junction at Upperville with Jones and W. H. F. Lee, who were falling back before Buford. As Pleasonton neared Upperville the fight creased in severity, and Stuart was driven through the town to Ashby's Gap. The Union loss during the day was 12 killed, 130 wounded and 67 missing. On the 22d Pleasonton fell back to Middleburg and Aldie. The Union loss June 17-21 was 883 killed, wounded and ing; the Confederate loss was 65 killed, 279 wounded and 166 missing, an aggregate of 510. Consult 'Official Records> (Vol. XXVII) ; Doubleday, and Gettysburg); McClellan, 'Life of Maj.-Gen. J. E. B. Stuart.' E. A. CARMAN. MIDDLEBURY, midi-Ur-I, Vt., village, county-seat of Addison County, on the Otter Creek, and on the Rutland Railroad, about 40 miles in direct line southwest of Montpelier, the capital of the State, and 35 miles south of Burlington. It is on the eastern slope of the Green Mountains, near the foot-hills in an agricultural and stock-raising region, with large marble quarries in the vicinity. It was settled in 1773, but was abandoned during the Revolutionary War, because it was on the route traversed by many of the British and Indian soldiers, and the lives of the people were con scantly in danger. It was incorporated as a borough in 1813 and as a village in 1832. The thief manufactures are lumber and lumber prod acts, wood pulp, foundry products, flour, lime, dressed marble and dairy products. The vil lage is the seat of Middlebury College (q.v.), and has two libraries and the Sheldon Art Museum_ Some of the principal buildings, be sides the college, libraries and museum are the opera house, courthouse, several churches and the public and parish schools. The water power is valuable, and sufficient for more manu facturing establishments. Since 1877 a revised charter vests the government in a board of trustees elected annually.; the subordinate offi cials are chosen by the trustees. Pop. about 2,000. Consult Swift, 'History of the town of Middlebury' (Middlebury 1859).