The assumption of general and universal military training of the youth of the land by the Federal government, and the inhibition of the maintenance of troops by the State, except a police force or constabulary, brings the State guard into a new form of organization.
During the World War the States gener ally created defense bodies, or State guards without support of the Federal government, and in the reorganization of the National Guard they are likely to be absorbed.
The military policy of the nation involves the proper conception of the militia. It is a political, economic and patriotic question of statecraft. The military sciences, which have been so marvelously developed by war, will nat urally enter into the question, as well as the trained personnel of the army and navy, be cause the subject relates to the embodiment of national forces, but only for the perfection of a result and not for its creation.
The military power is subordinate to civil authority except when the military power must be exercised for the life or welfare of the na tion. 'Asserting that this should be always kept in mind, Hallam says: "Nothing would more break down this notion of the law's supremacy than the perpetual interference of those who are really governed by another law?" Bibliography.— Concerning the English in
stitution consult Edward, Earl of Clarendon, 'History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England' ; Napier, 'Defence of England by Volunteers Corps and Militia' • Chamberlayne, 'State of England' ; Grose,