MONTEREY, moh-te-ri, Cal., city in Mon terey County, on Monterey Bay and on the Southern Pacific Railroad, about 100 miles south by east of San Francisco. The site of the city was first discovered by Juan Rodri guez Cabrillo in 1542. In 1602 it was rediscov ered by Viscaino, who named it "Monterey" in honor of his patron, the Vicomte de Monterey, but it was not until 1770 that the Spanish, un der Junipero Serra, made the first settlements and founded the mission San Carlos 'de Bor romeo de Monterey, the second in California. From 1774 to 1825 it was the capital of the Spanish province. On 26 March 1825, the con stitution of the republic of Mexico was rati fied and the city remained the capital of Cali fornia during Mexican rule. Commodore Jones, of the United States navy, captured the place in 1842 and held it for one day, under the erroneous impression that war had been de clared against Mexico. On 7 July 1846 Monte rey was captured by Commodore Sloat. The American flag was raised over the custom house, which still stands, and California passed to American rule. In 1849 the State Constitu tional Convention was held here and the first legislature of the State of California met in Colton Hall, another historic building which still stands. In 1850 the place was incorporated. The section in which the city is located con sists of farm lands upon which are raised grains and fruits. Fishing and stock-raising
are prominent industries. Over 10,000,000 pounds of fish are packed here annually and many tons shipped to the market. The total annual value of the combined catch is estimated at $1,500,000. The combined resources of the Bank of Monterey and Monterey Savings Bank amounts to $1,193,386; the combined deposits to $999,625. Monterey is a favorite resort for summer and winter. Here is located the fa mous hotel and resort, Del Monte, with its 134 acres of beautiful gardens and grounds. Other points of interest are San Carlos Mission, Car mel Mission, home of Robert Louis Stevenson, home of Thomas 0. Larkin, first American consul, headquarters of Generals Sherman and Halleck, ruins of the old Spanish fort, first brick house in California and the presidio of Monterey. It has good public and parish schools and a public library. The harbor at Monterey is the only undeveloped deep-water port on the Pacific Coast. It is the only harbor where vessels can enter in all kinds of weather and drop anchor without the aid of a pilot. Governmental appropriations aggregating $800, 000 have been made for the construction of a breakwater to destroy the currents which make it dangerous for large vessels to lay alongside at times and which is the harbor's only defect. Pop. 5,000.