1 Areas And Divisions
1. Areas And Divisions. Aus Tralia, The Largest Island In The World, Is Of Con Tinental Dimensions, With An Area Of Approxi Mately 2,946,691 Square Miles. The Smaller Island, Tasmania, Which Is Now Included In The General Term °australia,* As Well As In The Fed Eral Commonwealth, And Has An ...
1 Physiography 1
1. Physiography. 1. A Notable Char Acteristic Is Found In The Pampas Which Cover More Than Three-fourths Of The Country. The Plains, However, Can Be Further Divided Into Four Great Sections: (1) The Chaco Plains, Between The Rivers Pilcomayo, Parana, And Salado Del Norte, Comprising The Eastern Por Tion Of ...
10 National Wealth
10. National Wealth. Dr. Al Berto Martinez, Director Of The Last National Census Of Argentina, Has Estimated The Aggre Gate Wealth Of The People Of Argentina At 34,260 Million Paper Pesos In 1916, Or $14,546,796,000 (american Currency), As Against The Small Sum Of Only $2,740,600,000, The Estimate Of The Census ...
10 Religion
10. Religion. There Is No Established Church In Australia. All Religions Are Now On An Equal Footing So Far As The Governments Are Concerned; Grants In Aid Were Formerly Given By The Leading Religious Bodies, But One By One The States Relinquished The Practice. South Australia Led The Way In ...
11 Industries And Commerce
11. Industries And Commerce. Manufactories.— For Many Years Australia Relied Chiefly On Its Raw Products For Its Wealth, But Recently Steady Progress Has Been Made With Its Manufacturing Industries, And At The Present Time Over 250,000 Men And More Than 82,000 Women Find Employment In What Are Ordinarily Termed Factories, ...
11 Transportation And Com
11. Transportation And Com Munication. Shipping.— We Shall First Consider The Shipping At The Ports Of The River System (la Plata, Parana, Etc.); And The Magnitude Of British Trading Interests In Ar Gentina Is One Of The Facts That Will Claim Our Attention Immediately. The Preponderating Share Of The United ...
12 Army And Navy
12. Army And Navy. Military Service Is Compulsory To All Argentine Citizens For The Nominal Term Of 25 Years, Between The Ages Of 20 And 45. By Means Of An Annual Drawing Of Lots Conscripts Of 20 Years Of Age Are Designated To Serve For One Year (army) Or Two ...
12 Finance
12. Finance. In Matters Of Finance, As Well As In Many Other Things, Australia Presents A Most Interesting Field For Study. Sprung From A Splendid Body Of Pioneers, Who Had Been Brave And Enterprising Enough To Quit The Old Home-land, With All Its Tender Associations, The Colonists Have Wrought Wonders. ...
13 Railways And Transporta
13. Railways And Transporta Tion. The Great Problem Which Australia Has Had To Face In The Development Of Her Vast Territory Has Been One Of Means Of Communi Cation. Living On An Island So Large That It Has Been Rated As An Additional Continent Un Like Any Other In Its ...
14 The Labor Party
14. The Labor Party. The Aus Tralian Labor Party Has Its Genesis In The Great Maritime Strike Of 1890. It Is True That Spasmodic Attempts Had Been Made During Earlier Years To Procure Direct Parliamentary Representation For Working-class Interests, And In Two Or Three Isolated Instances Men Had Been Returned ...
15 Social Conditions
15. Social Conditions. The Social Conditions Of A Country May Be Considered From Different Points Of View. They Might Be Considered From The General Welfare Of The Peo Ple, Or From What Is Known As Social Distinction In Society. This Last Aspect Of The Question Could Be Disposed Of In ...
16 Military And Naval
16. Military And Naval De Fense. Up To 1870 Australian Defense Con Sisted Of A Small Garrison Of British Troops. These Were Placed In The Principal Cities As A Kind Of Guard. The Withdrawal Of The Last Imperial Regiment In 1870, And The Effect Of The Franco-prussian War And Other ...
2 The
2. The Aborigines.— The Aborigines Of Australia Are Fast Dying Out — Slain By Civ Ilization Through Interference With The Game That They Formerly Hunted And Lived On, Added To The Influence Of The White Man's Diseases And Vices. It Has Always Been Impossible To Number The Aborigines With Any ...
3 History
3. History. Exploration Period.— Spain, Not Being Satisfied With The Discoveries And Conquests Which She Had Effected In Amer Ica, Was Made Ambitious By Her Rival. Portugal, Regarding The Known Riches Of The Molucca Islands, In The Malay Archipelago. To Pos Sess Herself Of These She Looked For A Channel ...
4 Government
4. Government. The Form Of Gov Ernment Of Argentina Is A Representative Re Publican-federal One, Modeled After That Of The United States Of North America, And In Ac Cordance With Its Historical Antecedents Every Province Keeps Its Own Peculiar Autonomy, Drawing Up Its Own Constitution, Fixing The Number Of Its ...
5 Education
5. Education. As Reformed In March 1916, This Comprises Six Divisions: Pri Mary (four Years), Intermediate (two Years), Secondary (five Years), Normal (four And Seven Years), And Higher Education (from Five To Seven Years). The Sixth Division Includes Industrial, Commercial And Education Of The Abnormals And Is Called Special Education. ...
6 Agriculture
6. Agriculture. Under This Title We Shall Endeavor To Treat Of Argentine Agri Culture As The Great Importance Of The Subject Deserves, In The Broadest Sense Of The Word, With Such Economic, Geographic And Even His Toric Implications As Are For The Sincerity And Thoroughness Of Our Study, Really Indispensable. ...
7 Commerce
7. Commerce. In The Year 1915 Ar Gentina's Imports Amounted To V18,951,000 And Exports To $539,000,000, While In 1916 The Value Of Imports Was $211,310,688 And Of Exports $453,841,507. In 1914 The Total Foreign Trade, Exclusive Of Coin And Bullion, Was $602,439,880 (u. S. Gold)that Being The Sum Of Imports ...
7 Municipal And Local
7. Municipal And Local Gov Ernment. Introductory And General.— The Organization Of Municipal Government In Australia Is Modeled Largely On The English Sys Tem And Is Composed Of Mayors, Aldermen And Councillors In The Chief Cities And Large Towns, With District Or Shire Councils, Local Or Divisional Boards (the Nomenclature ...
8 Education
8. Education. Formed, Like The United States, By The Union Of Previously Autonomous Communities, The Commonwealth Of Australia Has Followed The Example Of The United States In The Distribution Of Powers Between The Federal And State Authority. That Is To Say None But Enumerated Powers Have Been Conferred Upon The ...
8 Mining And Manufacturing
8. Mining And Manufacturing Industries. Although It Is True That Gold, Silver And Copper Have Been Mined In A Small Way From Early Times, The Mining Indus Try In Argentina Has Not Been Developed To Any Great Extent. It Is Often Said That The Main Reason Is The Total Lack ...
9 Banking And Finance
9. Banking And Finance. The First Important Operation Of Credit Made By Argentina Was A Loan Negotiated With Messrs. Baring Bros. & Co., Of London, In The Year 1823, Bearing Interest At The Rate Of 6 Per Cent And Per Cent Amortization, Issued At 90 Per Cent. Shortly After This ...
9 Literature
9. Literature. Australian Literature May Be Said To Be A Thing Of The Last Half Cen Tury. Previous To That Writers Were Busy In Australia, But Most Of Them Were Either Of Foreign Birth Or Produced Work That Can Scarcely, By Any Stretch Of Courtesy, Be Called Literature. Even When ...
A Man
A. Man (pre-glacial And Palnolithic In Culture) B. Irrritst.cutast. Man , (neolithic In Culture But Absense Of Polished Stone C. Hisioarc The So-called Indian Of This Continent Has Been So Closely Studied And His Handiwork, Whether Of Stone, Bone, Metal Or Clay, Scruti Nized So Exhaustively By Ethnologists That Everything ...
And The War
And The War. The Position Of The Dual Monarchy In Regard To The European War Will Long Re Main A Controversial Topic For Historians To Debate. Whatever Light The Future May Throw Upon The Subject, It Is At Least Now Possible To Point Definitely To The Austro-hungarian Ultimatum To Serbia ...
Annunzio
Annunzio, In-noon'tze-6, Gabriel D', Italian Novelist, Dramatist And Poet: B. Franca Villa, A Small Fishing Village On The Adriatic, In 1864. He' Was Educated At The Collegio Cicog Nini, Prato (tuscany), And The University Of Rome. At The Age Of 15, While Still In The, Former School, He Wrote (cincinnato,) ...
Anselm
Anselm, Saint, A Celebrated Theologian, Regarded By Some As The Founder Of Scholas Ticism: B. Aosta, In Piedmont, 1033; D. Can Terbury, 21 April 1109. At 27 He Became A Monk At Bee In Normandy, Whither He Had Been Attracted By The Celebrity Of His Country Man Lanfranc, Then Prior ...
Anson
Anson, William Reynell, Rr. Hon. Sir, 3d Baronet: B. 1844; D. Oxford, 4 June 1914. A Famous English Jurist, Educated At Eton And Oxford, Where He Won Some Of The Highest Academical Distinctions. He Practised At The Bar Till 1873; Was Appointed Vinerian Reader In English Law At Oxford (1874) ...
Answer
Answer, In Law, A Defense In Writing, Made By A Defendant To Charges Contained In A Complaint Filed By The Plaintiff Against Him In A Court Of Law. In All The Code States A Statute Similar In Its Provisions To § 500 Of The New York Code Of Civil Procedure ...
Ant Eater
Ant-eater, A Name Given To Several Quite Different Mammals, But Particularly Ap Plied To The Myrnsecophagide, A South Ameri Can Family Of Edentata, With The Head Ex Tremely Long; The Snout Slender; The Mouth, Ears And Eyes Small; The Tongue Long, Cylin Drical And Covered With A Viscid Saliva Which ...
Antarctic Regions
Antarctic Regions, The Name Given To Part Of The Earth's Surface Surrounding The South Pole. Its Limits Are Variously Defined By Geographers; Some Consider It To Be Coexten Sive With The Antarctic Ocean, Which In A Strict Sense Is Bounded By The Antarctic Circle, While Others Include Also That Portion ...
Antelope
Antelope (greek, Antholops, A Horned Animal), An Animal Of The Sub-family Anti /opine, Placed Between The Cattle And The Goats In The Family Bovide. Its Members Are All Short-haired, Lightly And Gracefully Built And Carry Their Heads Uplifted; In Size They Vary From That Of A Kid To The Height ...
Anthracene
Anthracene (from Anthrax, Or An Thrac-, "coal"), A Hydrocarbon Having The Chem Ical Formula Ci4h., And The Molecular Structure It Is Obtained By The Distillation Of Coal-tar, Oc Curring In That Portion Of The Distillate Which Passes Over At Temperatures Above 500° F. The "anthracene Oil," As This Part Of ...
Anthracite
Anthracite, A Variety Of Coal Distin Guished From Other Coals By Its High Propor Tion Of Carbon And Small Quantity Of Volatile Matter. It Has A Conchoidal Fracture, Bright Lustre, Dense Black Color And Superior Hardness. The Percentage Of Carbon Is Variable, Ranging From A Minimum Of About 80 Per ...
Anthrax
Anthrax, The Name Of A Disease Oc Curring Epidemically Among Herbivora, Chiefly Oxen And Sheep, And Occasionally Affecting Man. It Is Also Called Malignant Pustule, Splenic Fe Ver, Wool-sorters' Disease, Charbon, Milzbrand. It Is Caused By A Rod-shaped Bacterium, The Bacillus Anthracis, First Seen In 1849 And Iso Lated In ...
Anthropology
Anthropology. Anthropology Is The Name For A Group Of Problems Arising From Inquiries As To Man's Origin. As Used In The United States And England This Name Stands For The Science That Deals With These Problems, Hut On The Continent Of Europe The Tendency Is To Restrict The Term Anthropology ...
Anthropology In America
Anthropology In America. Since The Whole Habitable World Has Long Been Occupied By Man We May Expect An Anthropol Ogy For Each Grand Division Of Land. Thus, Europe, Asia And Africa Being After All One Land Mass, Their Peoples Have Established Vary Ing Contacts So That The Study Of Any ...
Anthropometry
Anthropometry (greek Elvepuroc, Man, And Perpov, Measure), A Term De Noting Both The System Of Identification Based Upon Measurements Of Certain Portions Of The Human Frame And Also - Especially At The Pres Ent Time-the Science Having For Its Object The Systematic Examination And Study By Means Of Classification, Of ...
Antichrist
Antichrist, A Term Of Biblical Origin, But Occurring Only In The Epistles Of John, Where It Signifies A Person Or Persons Who Deny The Father And The Son And Disown The Incarna Tion And Messiahship Of Jesus. They Are De Ceivers Whose Presence In The World Betokens The Last Time. ...
Antietam
Antietam, In-tetam, The Battle Of, Fought On 17 Sept. 1862, In Maryland; Sometimes Called The Battle Of Sharpsburg. It Was One Of The Decisive Engagements Of The Civil War, As It Ended The First Confederate Attempt At Invasion Of The North, Though Tacti Cally A Drawn Battle. Lee's Army Of ...
Antifebrin
Antifebrin, A Trade Name For The Sub Stance Known To Chemists As Acetanilide (q.v.). The First Political Party In The United States After The Separation From Great Britain. The Loyalists Having Been Expelled, There Was No Issue To Divide Upon Till The Question Of Replacing The Loose Confed Eration With ...
Antifriction Metals
Antifriction Metals, A Group Of Alloys Used In The Manufacture Of Machine Bearings To Minimize Friction. The Theoreti Cally Ideal Bearing Would Be Composed Of The Hardest Metal Available. Practically, In Spite Of The Highest Skill In Forming Both The Journal And Its Bearing, There Are Minute Inequalities Which Have ...
Antigone
Antigone. The Subject Of The 'antig One' Of Sophocles Is That Immortal Heroine "who Dares To Eelf-selected Good Prefer Obedience To The Primal Law Which Consecrates The Ties Of Blood." Though Written In 441 B.c., Many Years Before The At Colonus,' The Play Treats Of A Later Chapter In The ...