PINCHOT, Gifford, American forestry expert: b. Simsbury, Conn.. 11 Aug. 1865. In 1889 he was graduated at Yale University, after which he studied forestry in France, Germany, Switzerland and Austria. In January 1892 he began the first systematic forest work in the United States at Biltmore, N. C. His work there attracted general notice and in 1893 he establishing himself in New York as consulting forester. He became member of the National Forestry Commission in 1896. From 1898 to 1910 he was forester and chief of division of the Bureau of Forestry, afterward the Forest Service of the United States Department of Agriculture. Since 1903 he has held the chair of forestry at Yale and since 1910 has served as president of the National Conservation Asso ciation. In 1902 Mr. Pinchot inspected the forests of the Philippines and recommended a forest policy for the islands. He also served on various commissions, dealing with conserva tion, waterways, etc. In 1909 he was engaged in a controversy with Secretary Ballinger over the policy of the latter's department, which Pinchot claimed was inimical to the best inter ests of the people. In 1910 the President dis
missed Pinchot .for insubordination and in the inquiry subsequently instituted by Congress Ballinger was held blameless (awhitewashedisl. Public opinion, however, sustained Pinchot, who was undoubtedly right in his assumptions and justified in opposing the reactionary schemes of the Taft administration. In 1912 Mr. Pinchot supported the Progressive party and in 1914 was that party's candidate for United States senator from Pennsylvania. He failed of elec tion, however. He is one of the founders of the Pinchot School of Forestry at Yale. In 1915 he started to perform relief work in Belgium but was expelled by the Germans, be cause his family was allied by marriage with a member of the British diplomatic service. Mr. Pinchot has published 'The White Pine' (1896) ;