PITTSBURGH, The University of. Formerly the Western University of Pennsyl vania, coeducational institution of higher educa tion, located at Pittsburgh, Pa. The first charter was granted in 1787 under the name of the Pittsburgh Academy, the second oldest in stitution of learning west of the Appalachian Mountains. The constitution of Pennsylvania adopted in 1790 provided for one or more insti tutions of learning and under this provision the existing institutions in Philadelphia were re chartered in 1791 as the University of Penn sylvania and in order to provide the same edu cational opportunities in the western part of the State the Pittsburgh Academy was in 1819 rechartered as the Western University of Penn sylvania. The University has continued to operate under this second charter until the present time, changing its name in 1908 to the University of Pittsburgh. While the ri University offered courses in engineering as early as 1845, and while it operated a law school from 1840 to 1849, and again in later years, yet until 1892 the institution confined itself chiefly to the work of the ordinary college. Between 1892 and 18% the University established permanently the school of law and in affiliated relations schools of medicine, dentistry and pharmacy, all of which have now become integral parts of the University, except the school of pharmacy. The University now includes the following schools and departments: The college, school of eco nomics, school of education, school of engineer ing, school of mines, school of chemistry, Mel lon Institute, graduate school, the observatory, school of medicine, school of law, school of dentistry, school of pharmacy, department of university extension, department of physical education, department of health, department of military science and tactics. The University offers the usual degrees, both bachelor and graduate. It has been since 1895 open to
women in all its schools and departments, ex actly as to men. The Allegheny Observatory was founded in 1859 and became a part of the university in 1867. It was in this department that Professor Langley did his great work and under the benevolent assistance of William Thaw solved the problem of aviation. The requirements for admission in the schools of law and medicine are the usual high school course and two years of college work. The University of Pittsburgh along with the Uni versity of Pennsylvania and State College re ceive biennial appropriations from the Com monwealth. The amount for the biennium 1917-19 is $750,000. At the beginning of the academic year 1917-18 military training was made compulsory in the University of Pitts burgh and was successfully conducted until 1 February, at which time the Reserve Offi cers' Training Corps was established. In the late summer of 1918 the Reserve Officers' Training Corps was suspended during the pe riod of the war in order that the government might establish in the University the Students' Army Training Corps. This training corps is divided into two sections: (a) the collegiate section, in which courses are offered to boys 18 years old and upward who desire training along lines of especial value to the government. There are about 2,000 enrolled in this section; (b) the vocational section, in which are offered courses along the lines of gas engine, motor mechanics, etc. There are 1,700 enrolled in this section. The total enrolment in the Students' Army Training Corps and in the regular work of the University in 1918-19 was about 4,500. The total number in the faculty, including assistants and demonstrators, in 1919 was 219.