PROPRIETARIES, in American history, a common name applied in colonial days to those indivduals to whom colonies had been granted by the Crown. Most of the 13 English colonies were originally proprietary but New York, New Jersey and the Carolinas became royal prov inces and only Pennsylvania, Delaware and Maryland remained such until the time of the Revolution. In proprietary governments, the proprietor appointed the governor, and in gen eral enjoyed all those prerogatives of govern ment which in monarchies were attached to the Crown. The laws of Pennsylvania and Dela ware were subject to the supervision and con trol of the Crown; those of Maryland were not, Consult Edgerton, H. E., 'A Short History of British Colonial Policy' (London 1897) • Id., 'The Origin and Growth of the English Colo Hies and Their System, of Government' (Ox ford 1903) •, Doyle, J. A., 'The English in
America) (5 vols., London 1882-1907) • Hart, A. B., ed., 'The American Nation: A History' (Vol. V, New York 1904) ; McCrady, E., 'The History of South Carolina under the Proprie tary Government) (New York 1897) ; Mereness, N. D., 'Maryland as a Proprietary (New York 1901) ; Osgood, H. L.. 'The Pro prietary Province as a Form of Colonial Gov ernment' (in American Historical Review, Vol. II, p. 644; Vol. III, pp. 31 and 244, New York 1897-98) • Shepherd, W. R., 'History of Pro prietary Government in Pennsylvania) (in Co lumbia University, Studies in History, Econom ics and Public Law, Vol. VI, New York 1896); Whitehead, W. A., 'East Jersey under the Pro prietors' (Newark 1875); Winsor, J., ed, 'Narrative and Critical History of America' (Vols. III and V, Boston 1884-87).