POISON FRANcOIS CHARLES JOSEPH BONAPARTE), titular emperor of France: b. Paris, 20 March 1811; d. Schonbrunnustria, 22 July 1832. He N was son of Emperor Napoleon I (q.v.), and from his birth was styled of Rome." In 1814 Napoleon abdicated in favor of his son. but the Senate took no notice of the youth and called Louis XVIII to the throne, whereupon Maria Louisa and the boy removed to the palace of Schonbrunn, near Vienna. After Waterloo Napoleon proclaimed his son Napoleon H (22 June 1815). He was brought up at the court of his grandfather, the Emperor Francis, who created him Duke of Reichstadt (1818). His education was careful, and he was early trained to the military profession. At the July Revolu tion in 1830 his name was mentioned as a can didate for the French throne, and Talleyrand is said to have made an unsuccessful effort in his behalf. After passing through subordinate
grades he was made a in June 1831, and took command of a battalion in the Gyulai regiment of Hungarian infantry, then garrisoned at Vienna. He was extremely attentive to his military duties, but he had grown very tall and slender and symptoms of consumption had early shown themselves. His physician advised a removal to Sch8nbrunn, but this proved unavailing. His last words, ad dressed to his mother, were tIch gehe unter, meine Mutter, meine The Duke was made the hero of tL'Aiglon' a drama by Edmond Rostand (q.v.). Upon the accession of Napoleon III (q.v.) he was reck oned among French sovereigns as Napoleon II. Consult Welschinger, 'Le Roi de Rome) (1879) ; Lacroix, Le Roi de Rome' (1899) ; Wertheimer, 'Der Herzog von Rom' (1902).