PUSEYISM. See OXFORD MOVEMENT, TH.11.
PUSHKIN,_poosh'kin, Alexander (spelled also POUSHKIN, POUCHAKIN), Russian poet: b. Moscow, 26 May (7 June) 1799; d. Saint Peters burg, 29 Jan. (10 Feb.) 1837. He received his first education in the Lyceum at Tsarskoe-Selo. In 1817 he entered the service of the govern ment in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in 1820 was retired to southern Russia because of his liberal opinions, until 1824 was a sub ordinate in the office of the governor-general of Odessa, angered his superior by an epigram and was withdrawn wholly from the service and ordered to live on his estate of Mikhailov skoe. In 1826 Nicholas I allowed his return to Saint Petersburg, where he was made imperial historiographer. His only work of research, however, was the 'History of the Revolt of Pugachev); he labored in the archives on an account of Peter the Great, which came to nothing. He died from a wound received in a duel, and the Tsar appropriated 150,000 rubles to settle his affairs and publish his works.
These included, above all,
a metrical narrative in a somewhat yronesque fashion; and (Boris Godunov,) a tragedy dealing with the troublous period fol lowing the death of Tsar Feodor. Pushkin per formed a great service for the Russian lan guage, and literature; molding the former, which prior to his time was uncouth and un wieldy, and freeing the latter from its French tradition and placing it solidly upon a native basis. He has been called °undeniably and essentially the great national poet of Russia? There are English renderings of