REVERE (French, Rrvoraz), Paul, Ameri can patriot : b. Boston Mass., 1 Jan. 1735; d. there, 10 May 1818. He was trained as a gold and silver-smith and was sldlful in the engrav ing of designs for silver plate. In 1756 he participated in the expedition for the capture of Crown Point, upon his return from which he set up as a goldsmith and also practised copper plate engraving. Among his prints were a like ness of Samuel Adams, a portrait of King Philip, a view of Castle William and the Bos ton Massacre. He also engraved the plates for the earliest paper currency of Massachusetts. In 1774 he was one of the grand jurors who refused to serve in consequence of the act of Parliament making Supreme Court justices in dependent of the legislature as regards salary. In the autumn of that year he became one of the Northend mechanics," who patrolled the Boston streets to watch the movements of the British forces. On 14 April 1775 this com mittee of observation noted preparations in bar racks and on board ship on the part of the British. On the evening of the 18th it was seen that troops were marching across the common to the inner bay. Revere forthwith had a pre concerted signal set in a Northend church tower---the honor being claimed for Christ Church and for the church in North Square destroyed by the British — crossed the river, mounted a horse on the Charlestown side and began his famous cmidnight ride.* He was
none too early, for at 2.30 A.m., 800 British troops were landed at Lechmere Point and marched on Lexington. Revere became the trusted special messenger of the committee of safety and after the evacuation of Boston was made successively major and lieutenant-colonel of a regiment of artillery. He took part in the Penobscot expedition in 1779. After the Revo lution he resumed as gold- and silver-smith, built a bell- and cannon-foundry and in 1801 established large copper-rolling works at Can ton, Mass. It is said that he was the first in America to smelt copper ore and to refine and roll copper into sheets and bolts. He was conspicuously associated with benevolent enter prises. Longfellow's poem,