SIOUX (soo) CITY, Iowa, county-seat of Woodbury County, on the Missouri River at the mouth of the Big Sioux, and on the Chi cago and Northwestern; Chicago, Minneapolis and Saint Paul; Illinois Central; Chicago, Mil waukee, Saint Paul and Omaha; Chicago, Bur lington and Quincy, and Great Northern Rail ways, 18 lines of these six systems radiating in every direction. It has steamer connection with the Missouri River ports and trolley con nection with suburban villages. It is the com mercial, industrial and livestock centre of western Iowa, northern Nebraska, most of South Dakota and southwestern Minnesota. The residence portions are on high, rolling ground, much of which overlooks the valleys of the Missouri and Floyd rivers, the latter stream flowing through the city. Sioux City was first settled in 1849 and for many years was the outfitting point of all the traffic to the Black Hills, as well as headquarters for the troops engaged in various campaigns against the Indians. Its first railway was the North western, reaching the city in 1868. In earlier years Sioux City attained much fame through its °Corn Palaces," this annual entertainment being abandoned when the Interstate Live Stock Fair was organized, of which institution it is claimed that it is the largest fair in the United States with neither State nor Federal aid. The government census of 1918 gives 350 manufac turing establishments, with invested capital to the amount of $46,000,000. There were em ployed in the factories 8,500 persons, whose annual wages amounted to $9,800,000; the raw material cost was $40,819,000, and the annual value of products was $85,000,000. Chief among Sioux City's industries are its six large packing houses, consuming the major portion of the livestock receipts of the sixth largest market in the United States. Other industrial establishments are brick and tile plants, flour and cereal mills, planing mills, soap factories, furniture factories, foundries, steel and iron works, truck and tire factories, stock equipment factories, stock serum plants, overalls, shirt and skirt factories, tent and awning fac tories and creameries producing 12,000,000 pounds of butter annually. Its grain concerns handled more than 50,000,000 bushels of corn, wheat and other cereals in 1918. Sioux City is
also a large jobbing centre, its 80 wholesale houses doing a business of approximately $150,000,000 annually in Iowa, Minnesota, Ne braska, South Dakota, North Dakota, Wyoming and Montana. The principal public buildings are the Federal building for the enlargement of which an appropriation of $335,000 was secured in 1915; the Union Station, cost $600,000; Y. M. C. A. building, $120,000; public library, City Hall, $80,000; Court House, 750,000; the Davidson and the Francis office uildings, costing $400,000 each; Davidson's Grain Exchange building; High School, $550, 000; two Junior High School buildings; Saint Joseph's, Samaritan, Saint John's, Ger man Lutheran and Saint Vincent's hos pitals. The waterworks, costing $1,250,000, are owned by the municipality; it is debt free and pays an annual profit, which is put back into extensions. The city has 75 miles of con crete paving, with 40 miles of asphalt and block. Sioux City has a public park system of nearly 2,000 acres, the largest 'being Stone park (800 acres) and Riverside park (575 acres), both located along the Big Sioux River. The latter contains the grave of War Eagle, most famous of all the Sioux chieftains. Floyd park sur rounds a massive and beautiful monument to Sergeant Charles Floyd, a member of the Lewis and Clarke expedition, who died there in 1805. The educational institutions, other than a most complete public school system, are Morning side College (Methodist), opened in 1890; Trinity College for boys (Catholic), founded in 1912; the National Business Training School and several parochial schools. The 18 banks have a combined capital of $3,330,000 with de posits aggregating $46,913,000. Sioux City is the natural centre of a vast and famous agri cultural section, the 100 counties nearest to the city in Iowa, Nebraska and South Dakota pro ducing nearly $600,000,000 in crops and live stock annually, as against $250,000 000 for all the New England States combined, according to the last Federal census. Population (1890) 37,806; (1900), 33,111; (1910), 47,828; (1915), 61,787; (1919), 80,000 (estimated).