SMITH, Goldwin, English scholar and au thor: b. Reading, Berkshire, 13 Aug. 1823; d. Toronto, 7 June 1910. He was graduated from Oxford (University College) in 1845, became Fellow of his college in 1847, was called in that year to the bar at Lincoln's Inn, in 1850 was made assistant secretary of the royal commis sion on the state of Oxford University, and in 1858-66 was re4ius professor of modern history at Oxford. His lectures on Cromwell claimed attention and aroused controversy. In 1862-65 he co-operated with Bright in exerting his in fluence in favor of the American Union, by speeches, by signed articles and by anonymous contributions on politics to the Saturday Re view, then very powerful. From 1868 to 1871 he was professor of English and constitutional history in Cornell University, but then removed to Toronto, Canada, where he edited the Cana dian Monthly (1872-74), and founded The By stander (no longer published) and The Week. He was a consistent advocate of the annexation of Canada to the United States, his 'Canada and the Canadian Question' (1891) being a valuable hand-book of argument. His 'United
States: An Outline of Political History 1492 1871> (1893) is an excellent work. Among his other volumes are 'Lectures on the Study of History) (1861) ; 'The Empire' (1863); 'Irish History and Irish Character) (1863) ; 'Three English Statesmen) (Pym, Cromwell, Pitt) (1867) ; 'Cowper) ((English Men of Letters) 1880); 'The Moral Crusader, William Lloyd Garrison' (1892) ;
Leaves) (renderings from Latin poets) (1893) ; and 'Essays on Ques tions of the Day) (1894; rev. ed. 1904) ; 'My Memory of Gladstone) (1903). In his many contributions to periodicals he was known for his philosophical interpretation of current politi cal and social phenomena. His writings show great impartiality and literary skill. Consult 'Reminiscences) ed. by Haultain, T. A. (New York 1910) •, also Haultain, T. A.,