VOGT, fcrkt, Karl, Swiss naturalist: b. Giessen, Gerraany, 5 July 1817; d. Geneva, Switzerland, 5 NiUy 1895. He was graduated from the University of Bern in 1833 and was associated with Agassiz in the preparation of (L'Histoire naturelle des poissons d'eau douce de l'Europe central0 in 1839. He was ap pointed professor at Giessen in 1847, where Ins political opinions soon caused his dismissal, but in 1852 he was chosen to the chair of ge ology at Geneva, which position he occupied until his death. He led an expedition to the North Cape in 1861 and in 1878 was elected a member of the Swiss National Assembly. He was an advocate of Darwinism and a strict materialist. His works include
VOGUE, Charles Jean Melchior, MARQUIS DE, French archzologist: b. Paris, 18 Oct. 1829; d. 1914. He was a student of Orien tal religion, languages and art, traveled in Syria and Palestine in 1853-54 and 1861-62, was Ambassador at Constantinople in 1871-75, and from then until 1879 occupied that office at Vienna. He became commander of the Grand Legion of Honor in 1879, was elected to the French Academy in 1901 and was president of the Agricultural Society of France. His pub
lications include 'Les Eglises de la Terre Sainte) (1859) ; (L'architecture civile et re ligieuse dans la Syrie Central& (1865-77) ; 'Inscriptions Semitiques> (11369-77) ; (Mem oires de Villars) (1889) ; (Le Duc de Burgoyne et le Duc de Beauvilliers) (1900); (Le Maitre de la Mero (1904) ; (Une Famine Vivaroise' (1912), etc.
vootik, Eugene Marie Melchior, VI COMTE DE, French critic and historian, cousin of C. J. M. Vogiie: b. Nice, France, 25 Feb. 1848; d. 1910. He was educated at Paris, served in the Franco-Prussian war, entered the government service in the Department of For eign Affairs in 1871, was attache at Constanti nople in 1873, secretary .of the legation at Saint Petersburg in 1876, and in 1882 resigned to enter upon a literary career. He was elected to the Academy in l&S8 and in 1£393-98 was depute de l'Ardeche. His publications include (Syne, Palestine, Mont Athos' (1876) ; (Les portraits du siec10 (1883); 'Le Roman russe' (1886) ; (Cceurs russes) (1894) ; (Jean d'Ag rine (1898) ; (Le rappel des ombres' (1900) ; (Trois Drames l'Histoire de Russie' (1911), etc.