BAUR, bour, Ferdinand Christian, one of the most celebrated theologians of modern Ger many founder of the °New Tubingen School of b. Schmiden, where his father was pastor, 21 June 1792; d. 2 Dec. 1860. At the University of Tiibingen, which he entered in 1809, he devoted five years to theological studies, and in 1817 became professor in the seminary at Blaubeuren. While holding this position he published his first work, 'Symbol ism and Mythology, or the Natural Religion of Antiquity' (1824-25), by which his eminent theological abilities were so clearly manifested that in 1826 he received a call to Tubingen as ordinary professor in the evangelical faculty of that university. This position he continued to occupy till his death. His chief works be long to the two departments of the history of the Christian dogmas and New Testament crit icism, in both of which his views have had the most powerful effect upon the theology of the present day. His most important works be
longing to the first class are 'The Christian Gnosis, or the Christian Philosophy of Reli gion' (1835); 'The Christian Doctrine of the Atonement' (1838); 'The Christian Doctrine of the Trinity and the Incarnation' (1841-43); 'Compendium of the History of Christian Dog mas' (1847). To the second class belong 'The So-called Pastoral Epistles of the Apostle Paul' (1835) ; 'Paul the Apostle of Jesus Christ, His Life and Labors, His Epistles and His Teach ing' (1845); 'Critical Inquiries Concerning the Canonic Gospels, Their Relation to One An other, Their Origin and Character' (1847). He also wrote the 'History of Christian Doctrine from the Origin of Christianity Down to the End of the 18th Century,' a series of volumes between 1853-63. Consult Nash, H. S., 'His tory of the Higher Criticism of the New Tes tament' (New York 1901).